A method of measuring and identifying LSD and its major metabolite O-H-LSD, by obtaining a sample from an individual, and measuring, identifying, and quantifying LSD and O-H-LSD in the sample by performing a LC-MS/MS analysis. A method of treating and monitoring individuals taking LSD, by administering a microdose of LSD, a prodrug of LSD, or an analog of LSD to the individual, monitoring the individual by obtaining a sample from an individual and measuring and identifying the analytes in the sample by performing a LC-MS/MS analysis, and adjusting the microdose based on the amount of LSD quantified in the LC-MS/MS analysis. A method of adjusting dosing of LSD, by administering a microdose of LSD, a prodrug of LSD, or an analog of LSD to the individual, and adjusting the microdose based on blood concentration analytics.

A vapor sensor comprises a housing with an inlet opening in fluid communication with a sensor element within the housing. Standoff member(s) are positioned to maintain a gap between the inlet opening and a skin site. An operating circuit is in electrical communication with the sensor element and communicatively coupled to an output member. In use, the output member generates a sensory output indicative to an operator regarding concentration of alcoholic vapor in the ambient atmosphere proximate the skin site upon receiving communication from the operating circuit.

Devices, methods, and kits for detecting at least two analytes present within a small volume single fluid sample obtained from patient for the creation of a multiplexed panel of the various analytes present within the single fluid sample are disclosed.

The present disclosure concerns a sensor for detecting a sample analyte having an oxidizable phenolic group suspected to be present in a sample. The sensor comprises a sensing electrode, a plurality of sensor analytes associated with the sensing electrode, optionally a baseline electrode, and a sample receiving region in fluid communication with the sensing electrode. The sensor analyte, before its association with the sensing electrode, is the same chemical species as the sample analyte.

A blood alcohol level sensing system for a vehicle is steering wheel with infrared sensors that are able to detect variations in body chemistry from contact with the palms of the hands to determine if a driver is either alcohol impaired or impaired from certain medical conditions that might affect driving. The system has a digital readout that may be located on the dashboard of the vehicle, and the readout may also be transmitted to a cell phone. In the event of an exceedance of a predetermined set point, an interlock will interrupt the start circuit of the vehicle to prevent it from starting.

The present teachings describe a method for testing a biological sample, including (a) obtaining a biological sample from a mammal, (b) acquiring at least two extracellular endogenous metabolic products from the biological sample, (c) detecting the at least two extracellular endogenous metabolic products from the extract, (d) determining a pattern on the basis of the presence or the mass ratio of the at least two extracellular endogenous metabolic products, (e) comparing the pattern with the pattern from a retention sample.

The present invention relates to a mind-altering substance testing unit. The unit includes a display module for displaying an indication of a drug or alcohol. A sensor module is releasably fastened to the display module and includes sensors for sensing the drug and alcohol. The unit also includes a sample cartridge for receiving a sample and for releasably fastening to the sensor module so that the sensor module can sense the drug. Advantageously, the same testing unit can be used to sense alcohol and the drug avoiding the need for separate testing units.

The embodiments disclose a method including functionalizing a biosensor with a biologic analytical target prior to installation into a detection cartridge, depositing a test subject bodily fluid test sample onto the biosensor surface, inserting the detection cartridge into a portable detection cartridge reader, measuring the electrical impedance of the bodily fluid test sample across biosensor energized electrodes, providing algorithms for analyzing measured electrical impedance data of the bodily fluid test sample obtained in the detection cartridge, identifying and determining the presence of biologic analytical target molecules in the bodily fluid test sample, and transmitting results of the test results to the test subject.

The embodiments disclose a method including providing impedimetric biosensor electrodes and circuits on a substrate, providing at least two different biopolymer materials on the conductive impedimetric biosensors electrodes and circuits, applying a predetermined electrical current to the impedimetric biosensor electrodes for establishing a baseline value, providing at least one biologic sample onto the impedimetric biosensors electrodes for detection of at least one disease microorganism, measuring the electrical current after contact with the at least one biologic sample for changes in the baseline value, recording changes in the electrical current measurements, analyzing the electrical current measurements for identifying predetermined detected disease microorganisms electrical current measurements changes, and determining the concentration of a detected disease microorganism.

The invented organic memristive and memcapacitive device comprises of arrayed cross-bar donut-shape toroidal matrix self-assembling membrane on an electrode mimicking mitochondria's double membrane and the direct electron-relay functions enables a bio-communication signal flow directly between endotoxin and the sensor at a single E. coli cell concentration under nature enzyme-free, antibody-free and reagent-free conditions. The sensor offers multiple functions for monitoring neuronal synapse pulse energy output under influence of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other important biomarkers. The robust analytical performances of the device for monitoring endotoxins are important to human health.