The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that specifically bind to phosphorylated PD-1, as well as immunoglobulins, polypeptides, nucleic acids thereof, and methods of using such antibodies for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes.

The present disclosure is based on detecting CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) expression on T effector cells to diagnostically or prophylactically predict subjects, in particular those with a gynaecological cancer who will respond to treatment with low dose cyclophosphamide.

Methods for rapidly confirming production of infectious viral vectors, for use in clinical grade personalized neo-antigen vaccines for subjects in need thereof, are provided.

An ex vivo tissue composition comprising an isolated tissue explant and tissue graft is provided. Methods of making and using the tissue composition are also provided.

The present disclosure provides a method of producing uniformly sized organoids/multicellular spheroids using a microfluidic device having an array of microwells. The method involves several successive steps. First, a microfluidic device containing parallel rows of microwells that are connected with a supplying channel is filled with a wetting agent. The wetting agent is a liquid that is immiscible in water. For example, the wetting agent may be an organic liquid such as oil. In the next step, the agent in the supplying channel and the microwells is replaced with a suspension of cells in an aqueous solution that contains a precursor for a hydrogel. Next, the aqueous phase in the supplying channel is replaced with the agent, which leads to the formation of an array of droplets of cell suspension in the hydrogel precursor solution, which were compartmentalized in the wells. The droplets are then transformed into cell-laden hydrogels. Subsequently, the agent in the supplying channel is replaced with the cell culture medium continuously flowing through the microfluidic device and the cells within the hydrogels are transformed into multicellular spheroids.

Provided is a method for treating gastric cancer by blocking a CCL28 chemotactic pathway. Specifically, provided is a use of a CCL28 gene or CCL28 protein for preparing a reagent or a kit for testing gastric cancer. The gastric cancer has an abnormal up-regulated expression of both a Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and molecules related to CCL28 chemokine. Also provided are a testing kit, a use of a pharmaceutical composition, and a method for inhibiting the growth of cancer cells in vivo and in vitro.

The present invention provides methods for treating cancer using GRK2 inhibitors such as small molecule inhibitors of GRK2 among others. The invention also features compositions containing GRK2 inhibitors, methods of diagnosing patients with GRK2-associated cancer and methods of predicting the response of cancer in a subject to treatment with GRK2 inhibitors.

Disclosed herein are methods of diagnosing and treating a subject with prostate cancer, as well as methods of monitoring the responsiveness of a subject having prostate cancer to a therapeutic agent.

3D native tissue-derived scaffolding materials are made in various formats, including but not limited to hydrogel, sponge, fibers, microspheres, and films, all of which function to better preserve natural extracellular matrix molecules and to recapitulate the natural tissue environment, thereby effectively guiding tissue regeneration. Tissue-derived scaffolds are prepared by incorporating a homogenized tissue-derived suspension into a polymeric solution of synthetic, natural, or hybrid polymers. Such tissue-derived scaffolds and scaffolding materials have a variety of utilities, including: the creation of 3D tissue models such as skin, bone, liver, pancreas, lung, and so on; facilitation of studies on cell-matrix interactions; and the fabrication of implantable scaffolding materials for guided tissue formation in vivo. The tissue-derived scaffolds and scaffolding materials also provide the opportunity to correlate the functions of extracellular matrix with tissue regeneration and cancer metastasis, for example.

The present disclosure provides a substrate for cell culture. Systems comprising the substrate, and methods for using and manufacturing the substrate are also disclosed herein.