There is provided a detection device for detecting a detection target substance by using a metal material modified with a first substance having a property of specifically binding to the detection target substance and a fluorescent material modified with a second substance having a property of specifically binding to the detection target substance, the detection device including: a light source that emits light for exciting the fluorescent material; a photodetector that detects fluorescence emitted by the fluorescent material over time for a specific period from when emission of the light by the light source is stopped; and a processor that detects the detection target substance in a complex formed of the metal material, the detection target substance, and the fluorescent material binding to each other, on the basis of an attenuation characteristic of the fluorescence during the specific period.

A method for determining immune competence against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) includes obtaining a blood sample from a subject in need thereof, detecting, in the blood sample, levels of binding antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein and its receptor binding domain (RBD), and calculating a weighted value using a regression model. Another method for determining immune competence against SARS-CoV-2 is also disclosed.

Methods and devices for the detection of coronavirus infection are disclosed. The methods include detecting the presence of coronavirus nucleocapsid protein comprising the use of antibodies bound to nanoparticles immobilized on a solid support chromatographic immunoassay. The devices and methods include detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Disclosed herein are electrochemical-based sensors, comprising: a solid electrode material; a linker moiety bound to the solid electrode material; and a receptor bound to the linker moiety, wherein the receptor binds to a target, and the binding of target to receptor causes an increase in the charge transfer resistance of the solid electrode material. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an electrochemical sensor which is selective for the S.sub.1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and which uses boron-doped diamond as a solid electrode material. Sensor networks comprising one or more such sensors are also disclosed herein, along with methods of detecting a target (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) using such sensors.

A nanohole array (NHA)-based plasmonic sensor (e.g., liquid/condensed phase sensor), their preparation, and their use to detect and analyze liquid samples, especially mixtures of chemicals and/or bio-chemicals and/or infectious diseases (e.g., viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)).

The present invention provides methods, immunoglobulin compositions and vector constructs as a general approach to provide episomal based immune protection from the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), its variants/mutants and other pandemic and even non-pandemic viruses. The immunoglobulin compositions include the heavy chain variable, diversity and joining (VDJ or Variable Heavy Region genes) segment immunoglobulin DNA and/or polypeptide sequence from humans identified to have developed high affinity immunoglobulins (ideally antibodies with nanomolar to picomolar dissociation constants to virus proteins with additional emphasis on cell surface proteins and further emphasis on the Spike protein as related to COVID-19) against the virus of interest and either to use the exact immunoglobulin composition identified from the donor or to combine that variable immunoglobulin region for both heavy and light chains with a non-divergent well-conserved amino acid sequence for the constant regions especially, Hinge region, Constant Heavy 2 (C.sub.H2) and Constant Heavy 3 (C.sub.H3) for the immunoglobulin heavy chain polypeptide with optional use of donor based Constant Heavy 1 (C.sub.H1) or non-divergent well conserved C.sub.H1 heavy chain constant region and optional use of hinge region peptides. The immunoglobulin light chain will use either entirely donor based amino acid sequence or donor based light chain variable and joining (VJ or Variable light region genes) segments immunoglobulin polypeptide sequence with a well-conserved non-divergent constant light (C.sub.L) chain region for immunoglobulin Kappa locus (κ) or immunoglobulin lambda locus (λ) light chain. The resulting antibodies can either be used as a monoclonal or polyclonal mix of (Immunoglobulin Class G subclass1) IgG1, IgG3 and other subclasses, IgA1 monomer and IgA2 monomer and dimeric IgA1 (dIgA1) immunoglobulins (as identified by the potency of associated memory B-cells) to be expressed via intramuscular administration, intravenous or proximal to lymph nodes. The immunoglobulins will be expressed in the vaccine/immunization recipient via an episome. The vector will be ideally delivered in a recombinant Adeno Associated Virus (rAAV) with preference for AAV serotype 8 (AAV8) containing a single-stranded Deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) non-viral vector or lentivirus virion containing double stranded DNA as a non-viral vector. A single non-viral vector will code for the entire immunoglobulin and J-chain expression for dIgA1 where expression will occur with a single start codon and stop codon for the amino acid sequence and in some embodiments a second start codon for J chain expression. The specific DNA

The present disclosure provides new and improved methods for the detection of pathogens, for example viral pathogens, in samples. The methods, tests and assays permit the identification of an infection, for example a Coronavirus infection, in a sample, but can also be used as a means to identify the infectious status or “infectivity level” of a subject. Disclosed is a method for detecting an antigen in a sample, said method comprising: contacting the sample with an antigen binding agent, wherein the antigen binding agent is not an antibody.

An antibody against a novel coronavirus, and a reagent and a kit for detecting the novel coronavirus, which relate to the technical field of antibodies. The antibody against the novel coronavirus includes a heavy chain complementarity determinant region and a light chain complementarity determinant region. The antibody has good affinity for N protein of the novel coronavirus, and has good sensitivity and specificity for detecting the novel coronavirus. Antibody options are provided for detection of the novel coronavirus.

Polypeptides that specifically bind the spike (S) protein of human coronavirus, selected from six camel V.sub.HH single domain antibody phage display libraries, are described. The S protein-specific polypeptides disrupt binding of the SARS-CoV-2 and/or SARS-CoV S protein to the cellular receptor ACE2, which is important for neutralization of the virus. Use of the S protein-specific polypeptides for the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and/or SARS-CoV is described.

The invention provides an in vitro method for the cell-free quantification of virus neutralizing activity, such as the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity, of biological samples and kit for carrying out the method. The invention also provides a method of screening biological samples or collections of molecules to identify neutralizing antibodies or antiviral drugs.