Disclosed herein are methods of detecting tumors, monitoring cancer therapy, and selectively inhibiting the proliferation and/or killing of cancer cells utilizing a papilloma pseudovirus or a papilloma virus-like particle (VLP).

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to the domain of virology of Paramyxoviruses. The disclosure concerns a method for producing self-assembling paramyxoviral particles and a method for identifying a compound able to inhibit the replication or the transcription of a Paramyxovirus. The disclosure also pertains to the nucleocapsid-like particles obtainable by the method of the invention and their use for biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications.

Provided herein is a method for determining the number of sites of infection of a cell culture, including the steps of: infecting a cell culture arranged in a sample carrier with viruses, counting any infected areas of the cell culture by means of a transmitted light method, marking infected cells with fluorescence markers, counting infected areas of the cell culture by means of a fluorescence analysis method, and evaluating area by area the areas determined in both methods for determining the number of sites of infection.

A protease of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) was found to act on a host substrate in addition to the viral substrate. It is contemplated that these findings could be employed to facilitate post-translational silencing at the level of protein (removal of existing proteins) as a protein analog to CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi/RISC, and further to enable detection of viral infection.

Provided is a method of detecting the presence of an anti-Zika virus (ZIKV) antibody in a sample, including contacting a sample with a suspension having a plurality of microspheres wherein individual microspheres are conjugated to a peptide and the peptide includes a ZIKV peptide selected from the group including ZIKV NS1, ZIKV NS5, and ZIKV envelope protein, forming a first incubated suspension by incubating said sample with said suspension to permit binding of anti-ZIKV antibodies present in the sample to said microspheres, forming a second incubated suspension by contacting said first incubated suspension with an anti-ZIKV antibody detecting-reagent to permit binding of the anti-ZIKV antibody detecting reagent to said microspheres, removing from the second incubated suspension anti-ZIKV antibody detecting-reagent molecules that are not bound to said microspheres, and detecting the presence of anti-ZIKV antibody detecting-reagent molecules in the second incubated suspension. Also provided is a kit containing reagents and compositions for performing the foregoing method.

The present disclosure provides a method for quantifying a vaccine. The method includes the steps of: 1) providing a plurality of standard mixtures, each of the standard mixtures having a standard antigen and an aluminum based adjuvant; 2) mixing a stabilizing solution with the vaccine and each of the standard mixtures; 3) determining dosages of the standard antigens in the standard mixtures to establish a standard curve; and 4) determining a dosage of a target antigen in the vaccine according to the standard curve.

The invention provides polypeptides (e.g., antibodies) and fusion proteins that target a epitope in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) glycoprotein of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The polypeptides and fusion proteins can be used to treat and prevent MERS-CoV infection in mammals.

Provided herein are methods and systems for low-cost, low-equipment detection of pathogens in biological sample. In particular, provided herein is a low-cost method for detecting norovirus that provides reliable, visible test with femtomolar, attomolar, and zeptomolar detection limits and that uses materials suitable for deployment of the methods in the field.

A diagnostic panel including a test for detecting at least one biomarker that indicates the presence of a virus. A kit including the diagnostic panel, instructions for use, materials to take and apply samples to the panel, and descriptions of biomarker levels and their meaning. A method of detecting the presence of disease, by taking a sample of an individual, applying the sample to the diagnostic panel including at least one biomarker indicative of disease, detecting the presence of at least one biomarker, comparing levels of the biomarker to a baseline, and determining if the individual has a disease. Methods of determining the stage of a disease, monitoring the progress of disease treatments, determining viral suppression or rebound, and detecting latent virus.

The present invention relates generally to an assay for detecting and differentiating multiple analytes, if present, in a single fluid sample, including devices and methods therefore.