The present invention relates to a binding molecule that binds to SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). More particularly, the binding molecule of the present invention has strong ability to bind to a spike protein (S protein) on the surface of SARS-coronavirus-2 and high neutralizing activity against SARS-coronavirus-2 and is thus very useful in the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of SARS-coronavirus infection (COVID-19).

The invention provides methods and tools for the directed and indirect detection of infection with microorganisms pathogens in biological and non- biological samples, and specifically applications of XRF (X-ray fluorescence) methodology for the detection of infections with viral and bacterial pathogens responsible for the widespread epidemics in mammals and humans, including the current pandemic of COVID-19.

Methods of determining infection type are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises measuring the amount of a determinant which is set forth in Tables 1 or 2 in a sample derived from the subject, wherein said amount is indicative of the infection type.

Embodiments include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize SARS-Cov-2 spike protein. The mAbs are capable of distinguishing among variants of the virus. The present disclosure also provides a composition and methods of making and using such a composition for treating, preventing, and/or detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The present invention provides microfluidic porous substrate-based devices for multiplexed biosensing. The devices are suitable for detecting viruses and bacteria, such as by way of detecting pathogenic genes and antibodies. The devices support reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid results within minutes. The devices also support vertical-lateral-vertical direction flow assays, such as in the form of a multi-layered adhesive bandage.

A rapid testing mechanism for respiratory viral pathogens includes a filter material positioned to capture exhaled breath particles from a respiratory tract. At least a portion of the filter material includes a pathogen binding adsorptive reagent, wherein the pathogen binding adsorptive reagent is a sulfated cellulose membrane. When the exhaled breath particles pass through the filter material, the following occur: when the binding adsorptive reagent reacts, a positive test for respiratory viral pathogens is indicated by the filter material; and when the pathogen binding adsorptive reagent does not react, a negative test for respiratory viral pathogens is individuated by the filter material.

Disclosed is a method of simultaneously detecting, differentiating, and/or quantifying Chikunguynya virus (CHIKV), Dengue virus serotype-1 (DENV1), Dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV2), Dengue vims serotype-3 (DENV3), Dengue vims serotype-4 (DENV4) and Zika virus (ZIKV) in a sample. In some examples, the method comprises the step of determining the presence of the target regions or fragments thereof selected from the group consisting of Non Structural protein 5 (NS5) of Zika virus, NS5 of DENV1, NS5 of DENV2, NS5 of DENV3, Capsid of DENV4, and E1 glycoprotein of CHIKV. Also disclosed are isolated oligonucleotides for use in methods thereof, methods for detecting and/or differentiating and/or quantifying vims as described herein, and kits for use thereof.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a pathogen in cellular lysate by measuring pathogen-specific enzyme activity. The method comprises contacting the cellular lysate with a substrate the pathogen of interest recognizes and modifies, and obtaining a measurable, recordable, signal. The method may comprise detection of SARS-CoV viruses using the activity of SARS PLpro enzyme in tongue scrape lysate as a readout.

A method for detecting a plurality of target substances using a plurality of conjugates each including a binding substance and a label is provided. The binding substance has an activity to bind to one of the target substances and the label causes a detectable phenomenon. The method includes binding at least some of the plurality of conjugates with the plurality of target substances, removing a remainder of the plurality of conjugates that is not bound to the plurality of target substances, and detecting the label. A molecular weight of the binding substance is less than a molecular weight of an immunoglobulin.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting Zika vims (ZIKV) infection in a biological sample from a subject. The method comprises testing the sample for IgM- and IgG-ZIKV NSI antibodies and determining the ZIKV IgM and ZIKV IgG signal intensities; and scoring the sample as positive or negative for ZIKV infection based on the combined results of such determinations. The biological sample is preferably blood, serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva or urine.