The present invention relates to a method of detecting the presence of an antibody to an avian influenza hemagglutinin antigen in a sample from a subject, wherein the antibody binds to an epitope of an avian influenza hemagglutinin antigen, comprising the steps of cloning a nucleic acid encoding an avian influenza antigen into a vector, infiltrating a plant cell with the vector, recovering the antigen from the plant, contacting the sample with the antigen, and detecting the formation of an antibody-antigen complex, wherein the antibody-antigen complex comprises antibodies in the sample bound to the antigen and wherein the formation of an antibody-antigen complex confirms that the subject has been exposed to an avian influenza hemagglutinin antigen. The present invention also relates to a device for assaying the presence of an antibody to avian influenza hemagglutinin antigen in a sample from a subject.

Described herein are nucleic acids encoding single-domain antibodies that might serve as alternatives to conventional monoclonal antibodies for either the detection or treatment of Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV).

The invention relates to a monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof, which recognizes the N (nucleocapsid) protein of the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), useful for the development of diagnostic methods for RSV infection and for the production of pharmaceutical compositions intended for the treatment, protection and/or prophylaxis of RSV infection.

Disclosed are an optical interferometry apparatus for detection of dielectric nanoparticles and a method for enhancing visibility of the nanoparticles. An imaging system for detection of dielectric nanoparticles includes at least one light source for illumination, a detector array or a camera for image capture, an objective lens, a sample substrate and a computing unit. The sample substrate is capable of carrying sub-wavelength particles smaller than the diffraction resolution limit of the imaging system, and the imaging system includes a movable means which moves the sample substrate in the axial direction such that depthwise different images are captured at different axial distances from the sample substrate to the objective lens. The computing unit computes a correlation image using the depth images wherein the sub-wavelength particles become resolvable and appear with higher contrast in the correlation image.

Provided herein is a method of functionalizing a particle, as well as methods of optically tracking a particle, isolating enveloped viral particles from a sample, quantifying enveloped virus particles in a sample and assessing enveloped viral aggregation in a sample. Kits are also provided. The particle is typically a viral particle.

The invention relates to methods and kits for detecting a virus, e.g., a respiratory virus such as a coronavirus, in a biological sample. The invention also relates to methods and kits for detecting and/or quantifying biomarkers, e.g., antibody biomarkers against a viral antigen; inflammatory and/or tissue damage response biomarkers; and/or extracellular vesicles in response to a viral infection.

The present invention discloses a method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection by detecting SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA in saliva. The diagnosis method can be any method capable of detecting IgA, such as ELISA, co-immunoprecipitation, chemiluminescence and colloidal gold method. The present invention proves that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA exists in the saliva of COVID-19 patients, which can be used for clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The present disclosure relates to the development of novel immunoassays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens and/or SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies and, optionally, one or more cytokine in patient samples.

The present invention relates to the field of detection of analytes, and in particular to detection of viruses, cells, bacteria, and lipid-membrane containing organisms in respiratory droplets using a liquid crystal detection device positioned in a breathing barrier, on the skin or inside a device for collection of air or aerosols.

Test cells with first and second sorbent materials defining a first flow path for a solution, a second flow path distinct from the first flow path for a sample, and a test site with immobilized antigens or antibodies or other ligand-binding molecules located at the junction of the sorbent materials for identifying one or more ligands. In one embodiment, a single highly sensitive immunoassay device is provided that detects the presence in a body fluid sample of two or more COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) antibodies including immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to nucleocapsid protein (NP) and spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD), and optionally spike protein S1 subunit (S1) COVID-19 virus antigens. The immunoassay device is sensitive in detecting early infection using IgM antibody detection and continuing infection using IgG antibody detection. Additionally, successful inoculation is distinguished from infection after inoculation by comparing NP and RBD results.