Methods are provided for diagnosing, detecting, or prognosticating a GEP-NEN based on the expression level score of biomarkers exhibiting differential expression in subjects having a GEP-NEN relative to a reference or control sample. The invention also provides compositions and kits comprising these biomarkers and methods of using these biomarkers in subsets or panels thereof to diagnose, classify, and monitor GEP-NEN and types of GEP-NEN. The methods and compositions provided herein may be used to diagnose or classify a subject as having a GEP-NEN, to distinguish between different stages of GEP-NENs, e.g., stable or progressive, to provide a measure of risk of developing a progressive GEP-NEN, and to gauge the completeness of treatments for GEP-NEN including, but not limited to surgery and somatostatin therapy.

The invention relates to biomarkers, and to novel biological markers for diagnosing cancer. In particular, the invention relates to the use of these compounds as diagnostic and prognostic markers in assays for detecting cancer, such as oesophagogastric cancer, and corresponding methods of detection. The invention also relates to methods of determining the efficacy of treating these diseases with a therapeutic agent. The assays are qualitative and/or quantitative, and are adaptable to large-scale screening and clinical trials.

Provided herein are methods and systems of molecular profiling of diseases, such as cancer. In some embodiments, the molecular profiling can be used to identify treatments for a disease, such as treatments that were not initially identified as a treatment for the disease or not expected to be a treatment for a particular disease.

The present disclosure describes the use of 2,4-disulfonyl phenyl tert-butyl nitron (2,4-ds-PBN) in the treatment of temozolomide drug resistant gliomas. The 2,4-ds-PBN may be used combined with other chemo- and radiotherapies and surgery, including temozolomide, to reduce glioma occurrence, recurrence, spread, growth, metastasis, and vascularization, and to inhibit development of temozolomide resistance.

The present disclosure provides methods for isolating tumor-derived microparticles from a subject for analysis, specifically by isolating Tenascin-C positive microparticles from a sample from the subject to obtain tumor-derived microparticles. Methods for determining the expression status of biomarkers in the tumor-derived microparticles and methods for determining additional characteristics of the tumor-derived microparticles are also provided.

The present disclosure pertains to the field of personalized medicine and methods for prognosing and treating bladder cancer. In particular, the disclosure relates to the use of genomic classifiers and genomic signatures for the prognosis and/or treatment of individuals with bladder cancer. The present disclosure provides methods for subtyping bladder cancer. The present disclosure also provides methods and compositions for treating bladder cancer.

The present invention relates to method of therapy selection for patient suffering from glioblastoma. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches, the inventors demonstrated the critical role of CD90 in GBM migration/invasion. They showed that CD90 signaling though SRC, FAK and RhoA promotes cell migration and importantly, that high CD90 expression impacts on the cell response to the SRC inhibitor dasatinib. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for predicting whether a subject will be eligible to a treatment with a drug selected from the group consisting of SRC inhibitor, FAK inhibitor or RhoA inhibitor by determining the expression level of CD90 in a sample obtained from the subject.

Provided are a polypeptide and nucleic acid for encoding the polypeptide, a nucleic-acid construct, an expression vector, and a host cell containing the nucleic acid, an antigen-presenting cell presenting the polypeptide on the surface of the cell, and immune effector cell thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the polypeptide, a vaccine containing the nucleic acid, the nucleic acid construct, the expression vector, the host cell, the antigen-presenting cell, and the immune effector cell, and an antibody recognizing the polypeptide. Also provided is a therapeutic method using the polypeptide, the nucleic acid, the pharmaceutical composition, the vaccine, and the antibody. Also provided are a diagnosis method and diagnosis apparatus for detecting the described polypeptide. Also provided is an application of the polypeptide in preparing a vaccine, a tumor diagnosis kit, or a pharmaceutical composition, and an application of the polypeptide or the nucleic acid as a test target in tumor diagnosis.

Non-invasive methods of evaluating a broad range of immune checkpoint biomarkers as well as other characteristics such as disease status, pH, Laciohacillm abundance, inflammation, etc., in the local cervicovaginal microenvironment. The immune checkpoint biomarkers and other characteristics may be used to monitor disease status and responses to therapies, stratify patients into groups of predicted non responders and responders with respect to a particular therapy, predicting whether a patient may have toxicity issues with a particular therapy, etc. The methods herein may also help distinguish between different biological processes, such as cancer and dysplasia.

A method for assaying activity of the enzyme spermidine/spermine N.sup.1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) uses SSAT substrates by detecting their acetylated forms. SSAT substrates may include rimantadine and tocainide wherein their metabolism occurs in part by the action of the inducible enzyme SSAT to produce the acetylated metabolites N-acetylrimantadine and N-acetyltocainide respectively. SSAT activity may be correlated to pathologic conditions.