Methods and compositions for identifying, diagnosing, and treating neuroblastoma are disclosed.

The disclosure provides methods for determining the self-renewal potential of a cancer stem cell (CSC), or for predicting the drugability (susceptibility to a drug) of a CSC, and/or for predicting the progression of a cancer that corresponds to the CSC. In alternative embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for determining whether a CSC in a niche is more pro-apoptotic or more anti-apoptotic in relation to a normal stem cell or a CSC from another niche. In alternative embodiments, the disclosure provides methods for determining the prognosis or malignant potential of a cancer. In alternative embodiments, the disclosure provides methods determining the anti-apoptotic versus a pro-apoptotic potential of a cancer stem cell (CSC).

The invention described herein relates to novel genes and their encoded proteins, termed Mutants Associated with Resistance to STI-571 (e.g., T315I Bu-Abl), and to diagnostic and therapeutic methods and compositions useful in the management of various cancers that express MARS. The invention further provides methods for identifying molecules that bind to and/or modulate the functional activity of MARS.

A method of treating a patient who has liver cancer (HCC), breast cancer (BRCA), melanoma, and/or uterine cancer includes administering to said patient a composition containing a population of activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in the patient that aberrantly express a peptide. A pharmaceutical composition contains activated T cells that selectively recognize cells in a patient that aberrantly express a peptide, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the T cells bind to the peptide in a complex with an MHC class I molecule, and the composition is for treating the patient who has HCC, BRCA, melanoma, and/or uterine cancer.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for detecting and treating cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is characterized by activation of Ras.

Monoclonal antibodies, which can be produced in vitro, against cardiac epitopes of the human My-C are produced by generating myeloma cell clones that produce such specific antibodies having epitope specificity. These monoclonal antibodies allow, among other things, the creation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the specific, cross-reactivity-free quantitative determination of My-C in serum, plasma, whole blood or other body fluid. Specifically, a hybridoma cell clone producing a monoclonal antibody that detects and binds a cardiac epitope in the My-C is produced, which has no cross-reactivity with respect to the myosin-binding proteins of the skeletal muscles. The hybridoma cell line can be obtained by fusing myeloma cells with spleen cells of a test animal, in particular a mouse, immunized against recombinant My-C.

Compositions and methods are described for detecting and treating conditions including cancer with target specific quantum dot nano-devices. In some aspects, nanoparticle conjugates are provided having multiple target specificities and include surface modified, water soluble quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles each of which are chemically conjugated to at least two different target specific ligands.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present disclosure relates generally to method of preparing aptamers, aptamers, and uses thereof.

The present invention provides a method of inhibiting tumor progression in a subject suffering from VGF expressing cancers. The present invention also provides a method and a kit of predicting or determining tumor progression state in a subject suffering from VGF expressing cancers.