The present invention relates to a method for providing information for cancer diagnosis or prognosis prediction by measuring the expression level of TIM-3 in CD11b+ cells.

In addition, the present invention relates to a composition for cancer diagnosis or prognosis prediction comprising an agent for measuring the expression level of TIM-3 in CD11b+ cells or uses thereof.

Since glial TIM-3 responds positively and uniquely to brain tumors and has specific intracellular and intercellular immune modulatory roles that may differ from TIM-3 in brain tumor microenvironment T cells, it can be effectively used in a composition or a method for providing information for cancer diagnosis or prognosis prediction.

Provided herein are compositions and methods for characterizing and treating cancer. In particular, provided herein are compositions and methods for treating cancer and identifying subjects for treatment with kinase and anti-angiogenesis inhibitors.

The present disclosure relates to methods for generating blood protein profiles from whole blood, red blood cell enriched blood samples, or red blood cell components. The methods involve the comparison of protein levels before and after incubation with protease inhibitors, or the comparison of protein levels after incubation in the presence and absence of protease inhibitors. The protein profiles are used for monitoring and diagnosing diseases and disorders in subjects including colorectal cancer and preeclampsia.

It is an object of the present invention to provide, for instance, a method for evaluating a function, such as transforming potential, of multiple different genes of interest, and a method capable of evaluating drug sensitivity of a subject having each gene of interest. The present invention relates to, for instance, a method for evaluating multiple different genes of interest, comprising the steps of: integrating, into host cell genomic DNA, polynucleotides each comprising a tag sequence and a gene of interest or a fragment thereof linked to the tag sequence; mixing a plurality of different host cells having the different polynucleotides integrated therein; culturing the mixed host cells; extracting the genomic DNA from the cultured host cells; quantifying each of the polynucleotides in the extracted genomic DNA based on the tag sequence; and determining a relative cell count of each of the host cells having the respective polynucleotides after the culturing, based on the quantified values for the polynucleotides.

The present invention relates in part to the discovery of genes that are deregulated in cancer stem cells (e.g., melanoma stem cells). In some aspects, methods for treating individuals having melanoma are provided; the methods involve modulating (e.g., inducing, inhibiting, etc.) the activity of the cancer stem cell associated genes. In other aspects, cell surface genes that are upregulated in melanoma stem cells are targeted for the selective isolation, detection, and killing of cancer stem cells in melanoma. Other aspects of the invention relate to reagents, arrays, compositions, and kits that are useful for diagnosing and treating melanoma.

Methods and compositions for identifying tumor antigens of human lymphocytes, and for identifying subjects for cancer therapy, are provided herein.

Provided are methods for aiding in diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adenocarcinoma. The methods involve determining elevated circulating Interleukin-18 (IL-18) values to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. Medical interventions based on determining circulating IL-18 levels are provided and include additional scanning, surgical resection of tumors, and administration of adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy or immune therapy.

Anti-PD-L1 antibodies are disclosed. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising such antibodies, and uses and methods using the same.

Targeting metastasis stem cells through a fatty acid receptor. The invention provides the use of blockers or inhibitors of CD36 activity or expression for the treatment of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC), particularly for the treatment of generated metastases and for diminish is generation from primary tumours. Apart from shRNAs, anti-CD36 antibodies are provided as blockers or inhibitors, especially those that block the binding of CD36 to oxidized LDL and fatty acids and their incorporation into cells, because the promotion of their transport is indicated as the mechanism by which CD36 promote metastases dissemination and growth. Also provided is a method for identifying candidates to anticancer agents, particularly for OSCC metastasis, among those that promote in CD36+ cells, in vivo or in vitro, effects associated to CD36 depletion or blocking such as decrease of growth accumulation of lipid droplets and decrease of size in the case of metastases.

Methods are provided for the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of various pathological states, including cancer, chemotherapy resistance and dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease. The methods provided herein are based on the discovery that various proteins with a high level of sialylation are shown herein to be associated with disease states, such as, cancer, chemotherapy resistance and dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease. Such methods provide a lysosomal exocytosis activity profile comprising one or more values representing lysosomal exocytosis activity. Also provided herein, is the discovery that low lysosomal sialidase activity is associated with various pathological states. Thus, the methods also provide a lysosomal sialidase activity profile, comprising one or more values representing lysosomal sialidase activity. A lysosomal sialidase activity profile is one example of a lysosomal exocytosis activity profile.