The present specification discloses a retargeted endopeptidase pharmaceutical wherein the activity has been determined by the methods disclosed.

The present invention provides methods of determining cell sensitivity to a therapeutic agent.

The present invention refers to a fluorescent fusion polypeptide capable of changing its localization within the cell from the cell cytoplasmic membrane to the retention vesicles, upon an increase in the concentration of second messengers within the cell cytoplasm, comprising a membrane localization peptide, a second messenger transduction protein binding peptide, a reticulum retention signal and a fluorescent peptide wherein: a. the membrane localization peptide is located at the N-terminus of the fluorescent fusion polypeptide and is physically bound, optionally through a linker, to the fluorescent peptide, which in turn is physically bound, optionally through a linker, to the second messenger transduction protein binding peptide; and b. the second messenger transduction protein binding peptide is physically bound, optionally through a linker, to the reticulum retention signal, which in turn is located at the C-terminus of the fluorescent fusion polypeptide.

The present invention refers to a fluorescent fusion polypeptide capable of changing its localization within the cell from the cell cytoplasmic membrane to the retention vesicles, upon an increase in the concentration of second messengers within the cell cytoplasm, comprising a membrane localization peptide, a second messenger transduction protein binding peptide, a reticulum retention signal and a fluorescent peptide wherein: a. the membrane localization peptide is located at the N-terminus of the fluorescent fusion polypeptide and is physically bound, optionally through a linker, to the fluorescent peptide, which in turn is physically bound, optionally through a linker, to the second messenger transduction protein binding peptide; and b. the second messenger transduction protein binding peptide is physically bound, optionally through a linker, to the reticulum retention signal, which in turn is located at the C-terminus of the fluorescent fusion polypeptide.

A cell analysis system according to the present disclosure includes a motion information extracting unit and a motion characteristics calculating unit. The motion information extracting unit extracts motion information arising from a movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane, out of a cell image obtained from imaging a cell in time series. The motion characteristics calculating unit calculates motion characteristics of the motion information.

The present invention relates to new transporter polypeptides, and genes encoding therefor, which can be used to confer upon a plant resistance to one or more biotrophic fungal pathogens.

Aspects of the disclosure relate to a method for evaluating two or more target proteins of interest from the same family in a specified functional form, the method comprising: (i) contacting a composition comprising or suspected of comprising the two or more proteins of interest with a molecular construct comprising: a targeting group operatively linked to a retrieval tag; wherein the targeting group specifically binds to the specialized functional form of the two or more target proteins of interest; (ii) contacting the composition with at least two antibody-oligo constructs, wherein at least one of the constructs comprises a first antibody operatively linked to a first oligo and at least a second construct comprises a second antibody operatively linked to a second oligo; wherein the first antibody specifically binds to one of the two or more target proteins of interest and the second antibody specifically binds to the other of the two or more target proteins of interest; (iii) contacting the composition with a second molecular construct comprising a retrieval tag binder operatively linked to a retrieval oligo; (iv) incubating the composition under conditions sufficient for the ligation or annealing of the first oligo to the retrieval oligo when the first and retrieval oligos are in close proximity to each other and ligation or annealing of the second oligo to the retrieval oligo when the second and retrieval oligos are in close proximity to each other; and (v) detecting the ligated or annealed first and retrieval oligo and the ligated or annealed second and retrieval oligo.

The present invention provides methods of determining cell sensitivity to a therapeutic agent.

Compositions including small molecule mitofusin activators are described. The mitofusin activators are useful for treating diseases or disorders associated with a mitochondria-associated disease, disorder, or condition such as diseases or disorders associated with mitofusin 1 (MFN1) and/or mitofusin 2 (MFN2), or mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods of treatment, pharmaceutical formulations, and screening methods for identifying compounds that activate mitochondrial fusion are also described.

Disclosed are probes that are expressed in a cell to label an intracellular target (such as protein or DNA) for both light and electron microscopy. The probes comprise a targeting domain that specifically binds to the intracellular target, a detection tag that can be used to detect the intracellular location of the probe using light microscopy, and a ferritin nanoparticle ferritin nanoparticle with ferroxidase activity and that stores ferric oxide. Also disclosed are nucleic acids encoding the fusion proteins and methods of their use.