Described herein are sets of metabolite and lipid (e.g., fatty acid) markers that can be used in the detection of early stage colorectal cancer and/or early development of adenomatous polyps. Presented herein are illustrative pathology-linked panels. In certain embodiments, the markers presented herein (or subsets thereof) are used as a panel for detecting either colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps at the same time. The markers presented herein include metabolites and lipids (e.g., fatty acid) freely detectable and accurately quantifiable in human serum. In certain embodiments, the sample may be plasma, urine, saliva, whole blood, dried blood spot or dried serum spot.

The present invention relates to methods for treating melanoma with apilimod and related compositions and methods.

Systems, media, compositions, methods, and kits disclosed herein relate to a panel of protein biomarkers for the early detection of colon cell proliferative disorders, including colorectal cancer. The presence or levels of the proteins in a biological sample for the protein panels described herein may be used for classifier generation, and as inputs in machine learning models useful to classify subjects in a population for the detection of colon cell proliferative disorders. 4

The invention provides a method for detection and monitoring of ulcerative colitis (UC) or UC-related dysplasia in a subject that comprises assaying a specimen from the subject for miR-214, PTEN, and/or PDLIM2. An elevated amount of miR-214, or decreased amount of PTEN, and/or PDLIM2, present in the specimen compared to control sample is indicative of UC or UC-related dysplasia. The invention further provides a method of treating UC or colitis-associated colon cancer, in a subject by administering an inhibitor of miR-214.

[Problem] To provide a signal enhancer that enhances a signal based on reaction between an α1-6 fucose sugar chain and an α1-6 fucose specific lectin bound thereto, a method for using the same, and use of the same.

[Solution] A signal enhancer enhances a signal based on reaction between an α1-6 fucose sugar chain and an α1-6 fucose specific lectin bounded thereto, and is characterized by having, as an active ingredient, at least one selected from the group consisting of urea and thiourea. The final concentration of the urea is preferably 1-9 M and the final concentration of the thiourea is 0.1-1.5 M. Since the signal enhancer allows accurate measurement of an α1-6 fucose sugar chain, the signal enhancer is greatly useful in detection and determination of a disease related to an α1-6 fucose sugar chain and in academic study of an α1-6 fucose sugar chain.

The present invention discloses a method for establishing a colorectal cancer p73 reporter gene cell line, specifically including: first designing a site-specific sgRNA sequence of a p73 gene and cloning same into a plasmid PX459; integrating a homologous recombination sequence of the p73 gene and a green fluorescent protein DNA fragment (EGFP), and transforming the plasmid and the integrated fragment together into a colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 by electroporation; performing signal cell screening through a flow cytometer to obtain EGFP-expressing cells, and amplifying a monoclonal cell line; and identifying a positive p73 reporter gene cell line through PCR identification and Western blot, among screened EGFP-expressing cell lines. The colorectal cancer cell line p73 gene and the EGFP are co-expressed, and the expression level of the EGFP is highly consistent with that of the p73 gene. Therefore, the expression level of the p73 gene can be accurately determined by detecting changes in the expression level of the EGFP. The method for establishing the cell line in the present invention is simple, easy to implement, high in efficiency and precise in gene site positioning.

Provided is a peptide for targeting colorectal cancer, a composition for diagnosing radioresponsiveness-dependent prognosis of colorectal cancer using the peptide, and a drug delivery use of the peptide, wherein a functional peptide capable of targeting cancer has been discovered so as to implement personalized diagnosis and treatment for individual patients having cancer, in consideration of problems occurring during treatment in which treatment cases of respective patients differ due to different therapeutic responses resulting from genetic differences in the individual patients.

Provided herein is technology for neoplasia screening, and particularly, but not exclusively, to methods, compositions, and related uses for detecting the presence of cancer, in particular, colorectal cancer.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel monoclonal antibody having high affinity and that strictly recognizes, as a sugar chain epitope, only a “Siaα2,6Galβ1,4GlcNAc (6′-Sialyl-LacNAc): CDw75” sugar chain structure, being a molecular target for diagnosis of the malignancy of tumors. An anti-CDw75 monoclonal antibody is provided that recognizes “CDw75” sugar chain structures but does not recognize similar sugar chain structures indicated by “Galβ1,4GlcNAc”, “Siaα2,3Galβ1,4GlcNAc”, or “Siaα2,6Galβ1,4Glc”, by using a glycolipid antigen bonding a carrier lipid compound “HOCH.sub.2CH(NH—CO—(CH.sub.2).sub.22—CH.sub.3)—(CH.sub.2).sub.9—CH.sub.3 (C12L)” developed by the inventors to a “CDw75” sugar chain. The obtained anti-CDw75 monoclonal antibody is an excellent detection drug for B-cell lymphoma, gastric cancer, or colorectal cancer, an excellent diagnostic agent for tumor malignancy, etc., an excellent treatment agent for B-cell lymphoma, gastric cancer, or colorectal cancer, and an excellent prevention/treatment drug for influenza.

The instant invention provides for a new method of treating colorectal cancer (CRC) and metastases thereof in subjects, and preferably also of other solid cancers and metastases thereof in subjects, wherein said method preferably depends on whether the patient shows certain specific proteins levels in one or more body fluids prior to or during treatment, wherein said treatment comprises the administration of at least one pan αv integrin inhibitor to a patient, a medicament for use in said new methods, and a method of predicting the outcome of a treatment with at least one pan αv integrin inhibitor based on said specific protein levels in one or more body fluids of the patient.