The compositions and methods of the invention relate generally to detection of biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of solid tumor cancers. In particular, the invention relates to compositions and methods for detection of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of solid tumor type of cancers.

Disclosed is a method for enhancing tumor response to chemotherapy, the method comprising administering a short-acting anti-angiogenic agent (AAA) capable of activating ASMase to a subject afflicted with a solid tumor, and thereby creating a time interval of increased susceptibility of said tumor to one or more chemotherapeutic agents, followed by administration of at least one chemotherapeutic agent within the interval. The interval can be defined in terms of a short-duration activation of ASMase signaling by the AAA. Disclosed are also methods for predicting the tumor response in a patient afflicted with a solid tumor to a chemotherapeutic agent, using as an indicator of the response ASMase level or activity (or ceramide level) in the patient following the administration of the chemotherapeutic agent to the patient, or dynamic IVIM based DW-MRI to measure perfusion alterations following administration of the chemotherapeutic agent.

The invention relates to biomarkers, and to novel biological markers for diagnosing cancer. In particular, the invention relates to the use of these compounds as diagnostic and prognostic markers in assays for detecting cancer, such as oesophagogastric cancer, and corresponding methods of detection. The invention also relates to methods of determining the efficacy of treating these diseases with a therapeutic agent. The assays are qualitative and/or quantitative, and are adaptable to large-scale screening and clinical trials.

The invention related to diagnostic methods for identifying indicia of cancer in fluid collected from a lymphatic channel.

The present disclosure describes the use of 2,4-disulfonyl phenyl tert-butyl nitron (2,4-ds-PBN) in the treatment of temozolomide drug resistant gliomas. The 2,4-ds-PBN may be used combined with other chemo- and radiotherapies and surgery, including temozolomide, to reduce glioma occurrence, recurrence, spread, growth, metastasis, and vascularization, and to inhibit development of temozolomide resistance.

The present disclosure provides methods for isolating tumor-derived microparticles from a subject for analysis, specifically by isolating Tenascin-C positive microparticles from a sample from the subject to obtain tumor-derived microparticles. Methods for determining the expression status of biomarkers in the tumor-derived microparticles and methods for determining additional characteristics of the tumor-derived microparticles are also provided.

The present invention relates to methods of determining cancer cell sensitivity to treatment by using antibodies to detect the presence of heterodimers in the cell, as well as to determine the relationship between the antibody binding to the heterodimer in the cancer cell and the sensitivity of the cell to cancer treatment. The invention also provides a method of predicting therapeutic efficacy in a cancer patient.

The invention relates to a method for detecting and measuring the presence of mono-nucleosomes and oligo-nucleosomes and nucleosomes that contain particular histone variants and the use of such measurements for the detection and diagnosis of disease. The invention also relates to a method of identifying histone variant biomarkers for the detection and diagnosis of disease and to biomarkers identified by said method.

Provided is a novel kit and assay for free and lipid-bound (exosomal) Hsp70. In particular, an ELISA is described for determining the level of Hsp70 in sample derived from a body fluid of a subject, characterized in that the level of Hsp70 is determined by an anti-Hsp70 antibody.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting fucosylated alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in a sample, comprising the steps providing a monovalent fucose-binding peptide having at least 80% identity, such as 85, 90, 95, 99 or 100% identity, to a peptide having an amino acid according to SEQ ID NO: 1, immobilised on a solid phase; bringing the sample into contact with the immobilised fucose-binding peptide; and detecting any fucosylated AGP bound to said fucose-binding peptide. The invention further relates to a method for assessing a risk that a human individual suffers from hepatocellular carcinoma, and to a kit of parts and antibodies useful in the methods according to the invention, and to a peptide useful as an immunizing antigen in production of such antibodies.