A solid electrolyte includes an oxynitride that contains an alkaline-earth metal, phosphorus, oxygen, and nitrogen. A P2p spectrum obtained by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement of the oxynitride contains a peak component originating from a P—N bond.

This disclosure relates to an SO.sub.2-based electrolyte for a rechargeable battery cell containing at least one conducting salt of the Formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, metals of group 12 of the periodic table of the elements and aluminum; x is an integer from 1 to 3; the substituents R, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.1 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.1 alkynyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.14 aryl, and C.sub.5-C.sub.14 heteroaryl; and Z is aluminum or boron.

This disclosure relates to an SO.sub.2-based electrolyte for a rechargeable battery cell containing at least one conducting salt of the Formula (I) ##STR00001##
wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, metals of group 12 of the periodic table of the elements and aluminum; x is an integer from 1 to 3; the substituents R, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.1 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.1 alkynyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.14 aryl, and C.sub.5-C.sub.14 heteroaryl; and Z is aluminum or boron.

The present invention provides an anode active material and a method for preparing the same, wherein the anode active material has a core-shell structure having formula (MOx-Liy)-C (here, M is a metal (or metalloid), x is greater than 0 and less than 1.5, and y is greater than 0 and less than 4) and including a core part containing an alloy of a metal (or metalloid) oxide-Li (MOx-Liy) and a shell part containing a carbon material coated on a surface of the core part, wherein the shell part contains lithium in an amount less than 5 atm % in the surface and the inner portion thereof. The anode active material can provide high capacity, excellent cycle characteristics, excellent volume expansion control capability, and high initial efficiency.

A composition includes a silicon nanoparticle having surface-attached groups, and the silicon nanoparticle is represented by the formula:
[Si]-[linker]-[terminal group].
In the formula [Si] represents the surface of the silicon nanoparticle; [terminal group] is a moiety that is configured for further reaction or is compatible with the electrolyte; and [linker] is a group linking the surface of the silicon nanoparticle to the [terminal group].

A composition includes a silicon nanoparticle having surface-attached groups, and the silicon nanoparticle is represented by the formula:
[Si]-[linker]-[terminal group].
In the formula [Si] represents the surface of the silicon nanoparticle; [terminal group] is a moiety that is configured for further reaction or is compatible with the electrolyte; and [linker] is a group linking the surface of the silicon nanoparticle to the [terminal group].

A method of fabricating and using a zinc negative electrode and systems thereof are described. A zinc electroplated electrode including a layer of zinc metal bonded to a surface of an electrically conductive current collector is fabricated by an electroplating process using a zinc electroplating system. The zinc electroplating system includes: a zinc metal anode, a cathode including the current collector for plating zinc thereon, and an electrolyte bath comprising zinc ions. The electroplating process bonds the zinc metal to the surface of the current collector to create the electroplated zinc electrode. The electroplated zinc electrode is used as a negative electrode in a zinc metal cell. The zinc metal cell may be a primary cell or a secondary cell.

An electrode includes at least one of sulfur (S) or selenium (Se), and a functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF), the functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF) having a functional group (R) attached to an organic portion of a metal organic framework (MOF). The functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF) is adapted to react with at least one of electrochemically accessible sulfur (S) or selenium (Se) to capture at least one of lithium polysulfide or sodium polysulfide via covalent attachment of sulfur (S) or selenium (Se), respectively, to the functional group (R) of the functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF).

Separators for zinc metal batteries, zinc metal batteries, and methods of fabricating a separator for use in a zinc metal battery are provided. The separator includes a hydrophilic membrane having a first side for facing a negative electrode when arranged in the zinc metal battery and a second side for facing a positive electrode when arranged in the zinc metal battery. The hydrophilic membrane includes a plurality of pores traversing the hydrophilic membrane from the first side to the second side enabling flow of zinc cations between the negative electrode and the positive electrode through the separator. Each of the pores may have a pore size ranging from about 0.1 to 1.3 μm.

The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte comprising at least one magnesium salt having a polyatomic anion, an aluminium halide salt and a solvent comprising at least one ether group. The electrolyte described herein does not comprise magnesium chloride. The electrolyte described herein may be used in magnesium ion electrochemical cells.