A power unit operable to power equipment, the power unit including an electric motor, multiple removable and rechargeable battery packs, multiple switching elements, and a control unit. Each of the switching elements is connected between one of the battery packs and the electric motor and operate in one of an open position or a closed position. The control unit is operable to manage the position of the switching elements. The control unit is configured to determine whether one or more battery packs are supplying power for the electric motor, measure a voltage of each of the battery packs, determine whether each of the voltage measurements is within a predetermined value to each other, calculate a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal for each of the switching elements, assign each PWM signal to one of the switching elements, and apply each of the PWM signals to the assigned switching element.

The invention relates to an energy storage comprising a plurality of series connectable energy modules connected to a string via a plurality of switches. Wherein a string controller controls which of the energy modules that are part of a current path through the string by control of the status of the switches. An energy storage monitoring system is monitoring an energy storage element operating parameter of an energy module, the energy storage monitoring system comprises: a current sensor and a plurality of energy module print. The plurality of energy module prints establishes an energy module operating parameter of the associated energy module. The current sensor establishes the current in the current path. The string controller is configured for by-passing an energy module based on information of status of the switches, the measured current in the current path and the battery operating parameter measured at the energy modules.

Disclosed are an artificial intelligence algorithm-based wireless power transmitter, wireless power receiver, and wireless power charging system that are capable of high-speed response to environmental changes and that can optimize the power efficiency of a wireless power receiver, estimate a dynamic location from a signal received from the wireless power receiver using artificial intelligence technology, and dynamically transmit wireless power to a prioritized wireless power receiver according to a power state.

An apparatus and a method for an aerosol generating device is described, the apparatus including a control module and a charging controller. The charging controller is configured to control charging of a battery at a first charging rate in a first charging mode and to control charging of the battery at a second charging rate, lower than the first charging rate, in a second charging mode. The control module is configured to determine whether the aerosol generating device is in use. The charging controller, when operating in the second charging mode, is configured to change the charging mode to the first charging mode in the event that the control module determines that the aerosol generating device is in use.

A computer-implemented method for improved determination of state of health (SoH) of a battery of a device can include determining that the device is in a charging state such that a charge of the battery is increased over a charge procedure; determining that a state of charge (SoC) metric of the battery reported by a battery gauge system has increased by a fixed SoC interval; determining a charge time interval over which the SoC metric of the battery has increased by the fixed SoC interval; and determining a SoH metric indicative of the SoH of the battery based at least in part on the charge time interval; wherein determining the SoH metric is based at least in part on a known relationship between a reference time interval representative of time required to increase a reference battery at full SoH by the fixed SoC interval and the charge time interval.

A remaining capacity estimation apparatus includes a storage processing unit and a calculation unit. The storage processing unit acquires a model from a model generation apparatus and stores the model in a model storage unit. When data for updating the model are acquired from the model generation apparatus, the storage processing unit updates the model stored in the model storage unit. The calculation unit calculates a remaining capacity of a storage battery managed by the remaining capacity estimation apparatus by using the model stored in the model storage unit. At this time, data (measurement data for calculation) input to the model include a current, a voltage, and a temperature of the storage battery. When the input data when generating the model are only a current, a voltage, and a temperature, the measurement data for calculation are only a current, a voltage, and a temperature.

A battery exchange method has: receiving, from a first battery exchange station, a first alert indicating an issue regarding a battery inventory of the first battery exchange station; receiving, from a mobile device, a second alert indicating that the second battery exchange station does not release a second battery in response to an insertion of a first battery in one of a plurality of battery slots of the second battery exchange station; and providing an authorization to acquire the second battery from the second battery exchange station to the mobile device if the first and second alerts are associated with the same battery exchange station.

A vehicle, system and method of detecting an internal short in a battery pack of the vehicle. The system includes a plurality of sensors and a processor. The plurality of sensors obtains states of charge at battery cells of the battery pack. The processor discharges the battery pack to identify a first set of the battery cells based on the states of charge of the battery cells, charges the battery pack to identify a second set of the battery cells based on the states of charge of the battery cells, and generates an alarm when an intersection of the first set and the second set is non-empty.

In a management method of a secondary battery of one embodiment, a charge pattern in charge planned to be executed is set based on estimation data including an estimation result of an internal state of the secondary battery based on a measurement result of an electric current and a voltage of the secondary battery, target data including a target time for charging the secondary battery in the charge planned to be executed, and relation data indicative a relation of each of the internal state of the secondary battery and a charge condition of the secondary battery to a deterioration rate of the secondary battery. The charge pattern is set to be a charge pattern in which the deterioration rate does not exceed a threshold and the secondary battery is charged during the target time.

A power supply/demand adjusting method disclosed here is a method for adjusting power supply and demand between a power transmission/distribution system and a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle. The method includes the steps of: acquiring power selling approval of a storage battery; acquiring battery information of a storage battery for which the power selling approval is acquired based on the acquired power selling approval and power demand information from the power transmission/distribution system; calculating a power selling amount to be transmitted from the storage battery to the power transmission/distribution system, based on the acquired battery information of the storage battery and the acquired power demand information; supplying electric vehicle based on the power selling amount from the storage battery to the power transmission/distribution system; and calculating an incentive to be provided to a user of the electric vehicle based on the power selling amount.