An object is to provide a substrate for a printed wiring board that has good circuit formability while maintaining adhesion strength between a conductive layer (2) and a base film (1). The substrate includes a base film having an insulating property (1) and a conductive layer (2) formed on at least one surface of the base film (1). The maximum height Sz, which is defined in ISO25178, of the surface of the base film (1) is 0.05 μm or more and less than 0.9 μm.

Polymer materials make useful materials as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision. Regardless of which polymer is used, the basic construction method is the same. A layer of polymer is laid down. A layer of metal is applied to the polymer and patterned by wet etch to create electrodes and leads for those electrodes. The base polymer layer is activated. A second layer of polymer is applied over the metal layer and patterned to leave openings for the electrodes, or openings are created later by means such as laser ablation. Hence the array and its supply cable are formed of a single body.

A process for forming a graphene circuit pattern on an object is described. A graphene layer is grown on a metal foil. A bonding layer is formed on a protective film and a surface of the bonding layer is roughened. The graphene layer is transferred onto the roughened surface of the bonding layer. The protective film is removed and the bonding layer is laminated to a first core dielectric substrate. The metal foil is etched away. Thereafter the graphene layer is etched using oxygen plasma etching to form graphene circuits on the first core dielectric substrate. The first core dielectric substrate having graphene circuits thereon is bonded together with a second core dielectric substrate wherein the graphene circuits are on a side facing the second core dielectric substrate wherein an air gap is left therebetween.

A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board includes forming the outermost conductor layer on the outermost resin insulating layer, forming a solder resist layer on the outermost resin insulating layer such that the solder resist layer covers the outermost conductor layer formed on the outermost resin insulating layer, irradiating plasma upon an exposed surface of the solder resist layer formed on the outermost conductor layer, forming a catalyst on the exposed surface of the solder resist layer formed on the outermost conductor layer, and forming an electroless plating layer on the exposed surface of the solder resist layer via the catalyst formed on the exposed surface of the solder resist layer such that the electroless plating layer has a film thickness in a range of 0.22 μm to 0.38 μm.

The present invention relates to an electrical assembly which has a conformal coating, wherein said conformal coating is obtainable by a method which comprises: (a) plasma polymerization of a compound of formula (I) and a fluorohydrocarbon, wherein the molar ratio of the compound of formula (I) to the fluorohydrocarbon is from 5:95 to 50:50, and deposition of the resulting polymer onto at least one surface of the electrical assembly: wherein: R.sub.1 represents C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkenyl; R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkenyl; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkenyl; R.sub.4 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkenyl; R.sub.5 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkenyl; and R.sub.6 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkenyl, and (b) plasma polymerization of a compound of formula (I) and deposition of the resulting polymer onto the polymer formed in step (a).

##STR00001##

A processing device for a metal material, containing: an airtight container for housing a specimen thereinside; an oxygen pump for extracting oxygen molecules from a gas discharged from the airtight container; a circulation means for returning the gas into the airtight container; and a plasma generation means present inside the airtight container for converting the gas returned from the circulation means into plasma and exposing the specimen thereto.

A method for manufacturing a printed wiring board includes forming a conductor layer including first and second pads on an insulating layer, forming a dry film resist layer on the insulating and conductor layers, forming first and second openings exposing the first and second pads, applying first metal plating to form first and second base plating layers on the first and second pads, applying second metal plating to form a first top plating layer of a first post and portion of a second top plating layer of a second bump post, applying the second metal plating further to form second portion of the second top layer of the second post, removing the dry film resist layer, forming a solder resist layer to cover the first and second posts, and thinning the solder resist layer over entire surface to position the first and second top layers outside the solder resist layer.

A method for manufacturing a circuit carrier for electronic components includes making available a carrier material layer made of an electrically insulating material and having at least one connecting layer which is applied at least to a first and/or second surface of the carrier material layer and has in each case a predefined layer thickness. Each connecting layer has a number of electrically conductive connections with a predefined conductor track width. At least some of the connections are strengthened by plasma spraying, at least in certain sections, with additional electrically conductive material. As a result, a greater layer thickness than the predefined layer thickness and/or a larger conductor track width than the predefined conductor track width is obtained. Furthermore, a circuit carrier for electronic components is specified.

A method of mass spectral analysis in an analytical electrostatic trap (14) is disclosed. The electrostatic trap (14) defines an electrostatic field volume and includes trap electrodes having static and non-ramped potentials. The method comprises injecting a continuous ion beam into the electrostatic field volume.

A film-like printed circuit board includes: a low-melting-point resin film substrate composed of a low-melting-point resin in which a melting point is 370° C. or less; a circuit formed in a manner that a circuit-forming conductive paste applied onto the low-melting-point resin film substrate is subjected to plasma baking; an electronic component bonding layer formed in a manner that a mounting conductive paste applied onto the circuit is subjected to the plasma baking; and an electronic component mounted on the circuit via the electronic component bonding layer.