A treating method of a nonaqueous-electrolyte and a method of fabricating a battery are provided. The treating method is suitable for being performed prior to injecting a nonaqueous-electrolyte into a containing region of the battery. The treating method includes performing at least one first voltage process or at least one second voltage process on the nonaqueous-electrolyte. The first voltage process includes as follows. A first voltage is applied to the nonaqueous-electrolyte. The voltage is adjusted gradually from the first voltage to a second voltage. The voltage is adjusted gradually from the second voltage to the first voltage. The second voltage process includes as follows. A third voltage is applied to the nonaqueous-electrolyte for a predetermined time.

A treating method of a nonaqueous-electrolyte and a method of fabricating a battery are provided. The treating method is suitable for being performed prior to injecting a nonaqueous-electrolyte into a containing region of the battery. The treating method includes performing at least one first voltage process or at least one second voltage process on the nonaqueous-electrolyte. The first voltage process includes as follows. A first voltage is applied to the nonaqueous-electrolyte. The voltage is adjusted gradually from the first voltage to a second voltage. The voltage is adjusted gradually from the second voltage to the first voltage. The second voltage process includes as follows. A third voltage is applied to the nonaqueous-electrolyte for a predetermined time.

A nonaqueous-electrolyte secondary cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode contains graphite having a BET specific surface area of 2 m.sup.2/g or less, and the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride represented by formula (1) or formula (2). In the formula (1), n represents 0, 1, or 2, and R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group. In the formula (2), R.sub.5 to R.sub.8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group.

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Disclose are an electrolyte composite for a lithium secondary battery having an improved output; a cathode including a protective film on its surface; and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same.

The present invention relates to a method for analyzing a degree of impregnation of an electrolyte of an electrode in a battery cell, the method comprising: a battery cell manufacturing step (S1) of preparing a battery cell by injecting an electrolyte into a battery cell including an electrode to be evaluated; a step of charging/discharging the battery cell several times and obtaining a capacity-voltage profile for each cycle (S2); a step of obtaining a differential capacity (dV/dQ) curve obtained by differentiating the capacitance-voltage profile for each cycle with respect to the capacity (S3); and a step of, in the differential capacity curve, determining a cycle at which behavior becomes the same as a time point when impregnation is sufficiently performed (S4).

A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is equipped with: a positive electrode provided with a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixed material layer formed on the current collector; a negative electrode provided with a negative electrode current collector; and a non-aqueous electrolyte. A lithium secondary battery which is configured so that metal lithium is deposited on a negative electrode current collector during charging and the metal lithium is dissolved in a non-aqueous electrolyte during discharging. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains a lithium salt for which the anion is an oxalate complex.

The invention concerns a battery (1) comprising at least a first electrode (11) and a second electrode (12), placed at a suitable distance from each other, wherein said battery comprise an active material is between said electrodes (11, 12), said active material comprising: at least one oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of MgO, ZnO, ZrOCl.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.3O.sub.4, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2; at least one salt selected from a chloride-containing salt and a sulphate-containing salt; at least one thickener additive selected from the group consisting of agar-agar, xanthan gum, methylcellulose, and gum arabic, and at least one plasticizer additive, wherein the particle size of the at least one oxygen-based compound has an average diameter in the range from 10 nm to 40 μm.

The invention concerns a battery (1) comprising at least a first electrode (11) and a second electrode (12), placed at a suitable distance from each other, wherein said battery comprise an active material is between said electrodes (11, 12), said active material comprising: at least one oxygen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of MgO, ZnO, ZrOCl.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.3O.sub.4, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2; at least one salt selected from a chloride-containing salt and a sulphate-containing salt; at least one thickener additive selected from the group consisting of agar-agar, xanthan gum, methylcellulose, and gum arabic, and at least one plasticizer additive, wherein the particle size of the at least one oxygen-based compound has an average diameter in the range from 10 nm to 40 μm.

The present invention relates to a sodium-ion battery comprising a positive electrode compartment comprising a positive electrode, said positive electrode comprising a Na-insertion compound; a negative electrode compartment comprising a negative electrode, said negative electrode comprising metallic sodium; and an electrolyte composition comprising a solid sodium-ion conductive ceramic electrolyte and a catholyte comprising a metallic salt with formula MY, wherein M is a cation selected from an alkali metal and an alkali-earth metal; and Y is an anion selected from [R.sup.1SO.sub.2NSO.sub.2R.sup.2], CF.sub.3SO.sub.3.sup., C(CN).sub.3.sup., B(C.sub.2O.sub.4).sub.2.sup. and BF.sub.2(C.sub.2O.sub.4).sup., wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from fluorine or a fluoroalkyl group. The device is able to operate below the melting point of the anode component.

The present invention relates to a sodium-ion battery comprising a positive electrode compartment comprising a positive electrode, said positive electrode comprising a Na-insertion compound; a negative electrode compartment comprising a negative electrode, said negative electrode comprising metallic sodium; and an electrolyte composition comprising a solid sodium-ion conductive ceramic electrolyte and a catholyte comprising a metallic salt with formula MY, wherein M is a cation selected from an alkali metal and an alkali-earth metal; and Y is an anion selected from [R.sup.1SO.sub.2NSO.sub.2R.sup.2], CF.sub.3SO.sub.3.sup., C(CN).sub.3.sup., B(C.sub.2O.sub.4).sub.2.sup. and BF.sub.2(C.sub.2O.sub.4).sup., wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from fluorine or a fluoroalkyl group. The device is able to operate below the melting point of the anode component.