A battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules arranged along at least one direction, a resistor connected to an abnormal battery module that operates abnormally among the battery modules to absorb energy, an event detector provided to detect the abnormal battery module, a switch to connect or disconnect each of the battery modules to/from the resistor to selectively form a closed circuit, and a controller to receive information from the event detector and control the switch to form a current path between the abnormal battery module and the resistor.

A battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules arranged along at least one direction, a resistor connected to an abnormal battery module that operates abnormally among the battery modules to absorb energy, an event detector provided to detect the abnormal battery module, a switch to connect or disconnect each of the battery modules to/from the resistor to selectively form a closed circuit, and a controller to receive information from the event detector and control the switch to form a current path between the abnormal battery module and the resistor.

The disclosed exemplary apparatuses, systems and methods may provide a self-heating battery circuit, that comprises: a high voltage battery having terminals, and a parasitic internal resistance (R1) and a parasitic terminal inductance (L1); a resonant circuit connected across the battery terminals suitable to generate high alternating currents about its resonant frequency, fr; an energy superposition unit connected across a capacitance of the resonant circuit, and including a switch (K1), wherein K1 is switched on and off at the resonant frequency, fr, and at a first duty cycle pursuant to a switch control signal, thereby generating a high alternating current through the high voltage battery.

The disclosed exemplary apparatuses, systems and methods may provide a self-heating battery circuit, that comprises: a high voltage battery having terminals, and a parasitic internal resistance (R1) and a parasitic terminal inductance (L1); a resonant circuit connected across the battery terminals suitable to generate high alternating currents about its resonant frequency, fr; an energy superposition unit connected across a capacitance of the resonant circuit, and including a switch (K1), wherein K1 is switched on and off at the resonant frequency, fr, and at a first duty cycle pursuant to a switch control signal, thereby generating a high alternating current through the high voltage battery.

A battery heating system and method using a motor driving system are provided. A temperature of a battery is increased by injecting an alternating current into the battery so that charging and discharging of the battery is repeated using the motor driving system including an inverter and a motor provided in a vehicle.

A battery heating system and method using a motor driving system are provided. A temperature of a battery is increased by injecting an alternating current into the battery so that charging and discharging of the battery is repeated using the motor driving system including an inverter and a motor provided in a vehicle.

Techniques described herein relate generally to determining and applying threshold discharging C-rates for battery cells in low temperature environments. To combat internal resistance within a battery cell at low temperature, heat may be generated within a battery cell via a high discharge C-rate. A higher discharge C-rate may cause more heat generation with a battery cell and the higher temperature may mitigate the low temperature environment. As a result of the heat generation, a battery cell's capacity may be increased. Techniques described herein may identify, for a particular low temperature (0 degrees Celsius and below), a threshold discharge C-rate that if a battery cell is discharged above the threshold, the effect of temperature rising would be more dominant than the effect of the internal resistance and more capacity would be obtained from the battery cell.

At least one embodiment is directed to a system including a motor, a battery that provides power to the motor, and control circuitry that provides one or more first current pulses to the motor using power from the battery to cause one or more second current pulses in the battery that heat the battery to a desired temperature while maintaining zero torque in the motor.

A testing method for a thermal contact between a temperature sensor and a battery cell of a battery module, includes measuring a temperature T.sub.1 of the temperature sensor at a time point t.sub.1, heating the temperature sensor for a defined time (t.sub.2−t.sub.1) and/or (t.sub.3−t.sub.1), measuring a temperature T.sub.2 of the temperature sensor at a time point t.sub.2 and/or a temperature T.sub.3 of the temperature sensor at a time point t.sub.3, and determining the thermal contact between the temperature sensor and the battery cell based on at least one of the temperature differences ΔT.sub.2,1=(T.sub.2−T.sub.1), ΔT.sub.3,1=(T.sub.3−T.sub.1) and ΔT.sub.3,2=(T.sub.3−T.sub.2) and a heat transfer coefficient determined thereby. Also, a testing circuit for a temperature sensor of a battery module includes a thermistor with a first node connected to a first supply voltage and a second node connected to ground, a switch interconnected between the first node of the thermistor and a second supply voltage, and an analog-to-digital converter connected in parallel to the thermistor. Also, a cell supervision circuit for a battery module including a circuit carrier, a testing circuit, and a temperature sensor surface mounted to the circuit carrier and having a measuring head with a thermistor configured to be brought into thermal contact with a battery cell of the battery module.

Provided are a control method for a battery heating system, a battery heating system, and an electric vehicle. The battery heating system includes a supercapacitor and a pulse control unit. The control method includes: obtaining a temperature value and an SOC value of a power battery; and issuing a heating instruction to the pulse control unit when the temperature value is lower than a predetermined temperature threshold and the SOC value is higher than a predetermined charge threshold, to allow the pulse control unit to control, based on the heating instruction, bi-directional energy flow between the power battery and the supercapacitor by means of a pulse current, to heat the power battery.