Provided is a chromium-containing steel sheet for a current collector of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery. The chromium-containing steel sheet for a current collector of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a chemical composition containing Cr in an amount of 10% by mass or more. A parameter Sa defined in ISO 25178 is from 0.15 m to 0.50 m inclusive, and a parameter Ssk defined in ISO 25178 is more than 0.

The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode current collector, and metallic lithium as a negative electrode active material deposited between the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode current collector by charging, wherein a Mg mixture layer is present between the solid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode current collector, the solid electrolyte layer includes a first solid electrolyte, Mg mixture layer includes a Mg and a second solid electrolyte, and a Young's modulus of the second solid electrolyte is lower than a Young's modulus of the first solid electrolyte.

A foil (5b) for a negative electrode collector of a secondary battery includes a Cu-coated foil (50) including an iron-based alloy layer (51) made of precipitation hardened stainless steel, and a pair of Cu layers (52, 53) respectively disposed on opposite surfaces of the iron-based alloy layer and made of Cu or a Cu-based alloy. The negative electrode collector foil has a thickness of 20 m or less and a volume resistivity of 7 .Math.cm or less.

An electrode assembly includes a current collector, a lithium metal foil, and an alloyed interface that chemically binds the current collector and the lithium metal foil. In certain variations, the alloyed interface includes an intermediate layer disposed between the current collector and the lithium metal foil, a portion of the current collector adjacent to the intermediate layer is alloyed with the indium, gallium, or alloy of indium and gallium defining the intermediate layer, and a portion of the lithium metal foil adjacent to the intermediate layer is alloyed with the indium, gallium, or alloy of indium and gallium defining the intermediate layer. In other variations, the alloyed interface includes a copper-lithium alloy.

An anodeless all-solid-state battery includes an anode current collector, a composite structure layer positioned on the anode current collector, a solid electrolyte positioned on the composite structure layer, and a cathode positioned on the solid electrolyte, in which the composite structure layer includes a carbon layer including a carbon material, and a metal deposition layer positioned on the carbon layer and including lithiophilic metal particles.

Described herein are current collectors comprising metal grids as well as electrodes and lithium-metal cells comprising such current collectors and methods of fabricating such current collectors, electrodes, and lithium-metal cells. A thin current collector comprises a polymer base and a metal layer positioned on, directly interfaces, and supported by one side of the polymer base. A thin current collector also comprises a metal grid, which directly interfaces and is supported by the edge of the polymer base. The metal grid is electrically coupled to the metal layer, e.g., by overlapping or at least forming an interface with the metal layer. In an electrode that further comprises an active material layer supported on the metal layer, the metal grid extends away from the active material layer. In an electrochemical cell, the metal grid can be connected to the metal grids of other electrodes and/or cell tabs.

Provided is a manufacturing method for an amino-substituted phosphazene compound, including: reacting a fluorinated phosphazene compound and an amine compound in presence of a catalyst consisting of a compound consisting of a specific element M below and an oxygen atom as constituent elements; and obtaining an amino-substituted phosphazene compound by substitution reaction between a fluorine atom of the fluorinated phosphazene compound and an amino group of the amine compound. Specific element M: At least one selected from magnesium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, lithium, calcium, aluminum, manganese, molybdenum, silicon, or boron.

An electrochemical cell includes solid-state, printable anode layer, cathode layer and non-aqueous gel electrolyte layer coupled to the anode layer and cathode layer. The electrolyte layer provides physical separation between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and comprises a composition configured to provide ionic communication between the anode layer and cathode layer by facilitating transmission of multivalent ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer.

A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode, sequentially stacked and wound. The secondary battery further includes a series of first electrode tabs electrically connected to the first electrode and extending to an outside of the electrode assembly. The series of first electrode tabs includes inner and outer tabs respectively located proximate to and distal to the center axis of the electrode assembly. The outer tab is connected to the inner tab at the outside of the electrode assembly. A length along the inner tab from a point where the inner tab extends from the electrode assembly to a point where the inner tab is connected to the outer tab is different from a length along the outer tab from a point where the outer tab extends from the electrode assembly to a point where the outer tab is connected to the inner tab.

The present invention provides a silicon nanowire structure embedded in nickel silicide nanowires for lithium-based battery anodes and anodes including the same. In particular, a Si nanowire structure embedded in NiSi.sub.x nanowires according to the present invention may provide a solution to a problem, such as disconnection of Si nanowires from a current collector shown when the Si nanowires are expanded by alloying with Li or contracted during the use of a battery, and the like, by flexibly embedding the Si nanowires in the NiSi.sub.x nanowires.