A solid electrolyte (10) of the present disclosure includes porous silica (11) having a plurality of pores (12) interconnected mutually and an electrolyte (13) coating inner surfaces of the plurality of pores (12). The electrolyte (13) includes 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide represented by EMI-TFSI and a lithium salt dissolved in the EMI-TFSI. A molar ratio of the EMI-TFSI to the porous silica (11) is larger than 1.5 and less than 2.0.

The present disclosure provides a method for forming a solid-state battery. The method includes stacking two or more cell units, where each cell unit is formed by substantially aligning a first electrode and a second electrode, where the first electrode includes one or more first electroactive material layers disposed on or adjacent to one or more surfaces of a releasable substrate and the second electrode includes one or more second electroactive material layers disposed on or adjacent to one or more surfaces of a current collector; disposing an electrolyte layer between exposed surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode; and removing the releasable substrate to form the cell unit.

The present disclosure provides a method for making a solid-state argyrodite electrolyte represented by Li.sub.6PS.sub.5X (where X is selected from chloride, bromide, iodine, or a combination thereof) having an ionic conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.0×10.sup.−4 S/cm to less than or equal to about 10×10.sup.−3 S/cm at about 25° C. The method may include contacting a first suspension and a first solution to form a precursor, where the first suspension is a Li.sub.3PS.sub.4 suspension including an ester solvent and the first solution is a Li.sub.2S and LiX (where X is selected from chloride, bromide, or iodine, or a combination thereof) solution including an alcohol solvent; and removing the ester solvent and the alcohol solvent from the precursor to form the solid-state argyrodite electrolyte.

The present disclosure provides a method for making a solid-state argyrodite electrolyte represented by Li.sub.6PS.sub.5X (where X is selected from chloride, bromide, iodine, or a combination thereof) having an ionic conductivity greater than or equal to about 1.0×10.sup.−4 S/cm to less than or equal to about 10×10.sup.−3 S/cm at about 25° C. The method may include contacting a first suspension and a first solution to form a precursor, where the first suspension is a Li.sub.3PS.sub.4 suspension including an ester solvent and the first solution is a Li.sub.2S and LiX (where X is selected from chloride, bromide, or iodine, or a combination thereof) solution including an alcohol solvent; and removing the ester solvent and the alcohol solvent from the precursor to form the solid-state argyrodite electrolyte.

A coated cathode active material, a method of preparing the same, and a cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, each including the same, the coated cathode active material including: a cathode active material particle and a coating layer on a surface of the cathode active material particle, the coating layer including LiAlF.sub.4, LiF, and Li.sub.3AlF.sub.6.

A method for manufacturing a lithium-ion microbattery having a capacity not exceeding 1 mAh, implementing a method for manufacturing an assembly comprising a porous electrode and a porous separator comprising a porous layer deposited on a substrate having a porosity comprised between 20% and 60% by volume, and pores with an average diameter of less than 50 nm. The separator comprises a porous inorganic layer deposited on the electrode, the porous inorganic layer having a porosity comprised between 20% and 60% by volume, and pores with an average diameter of less than 50 nm.

Disclosed is a negative electrode current collector for an anode-free lithium metal battery. The negative electrode current collector includes a PdTe.sub.2 layer and an intermediate layer to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrite, resulting in significant improves in lifespan and performance of the lithium metal battery. The negative electrode current collector further includes an ion conductive layer to improve the performance of the lithium metal battery.

Disclosed is a negative electrode current collector for an anode-free lithium metal battery. The negative electrode current collector includes a PdTe.sub.2 layer and an intermediate layer to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrite, resulting in significant improves in lifespan and performance of the lithium metal battery. The negative electrode current collector further includes an ion conductive layer to improve the performance of the lithium metal battery.

Disclosed are a composite solid electrolyte separation membrane using inorganic fiber and a secondary battery using the same, the composite solid electrolyte separation membrane including inorganic fiber, a sodium oxide-based ceramic material impregnated into the inorganic fiber, and an electrolyte impregnated into the inorganic fiber into which the sodium oxide-based ceramic material is impregnated.

A solid electrolyte contains at least elemental lithium (Li), elemental phosphorus (P), elemental sulfur (S), elemental halogen (X), and elemental oxygen (O), and has a crystalline phase with an argyrodite-type crystal structure. In the solid electrolyte, the molar ratio of the elemental halogen (X) to the elemental phosphorus (P), X/P, is more than 1.0 and less than 2.4, and the molar ratio of the elemental oxygen (O) to the elemental phosphorus (P), O/P, is more than 0 and less than 0.5. In an X-ray diffraction pattern, the solid electrolyte exhibits: peak A in the range of 2θ=21.6° to 22.6°, peak B in the range of 2θ=22.7° to 23.7°; and peak C in the range of 2θ=35.8° to 36.8°, the X-ray diffraction pattern being obtained by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) using CuKα1 radiation.