An example electronic device may include an antenna module including a printed circuit board, a plurality of conductive patches including a first conductive patch and a second conductive patch, an RFIC which is disposed on the second surface of the printed circuit board and includes a first tuning circuit, and a first conductive structure which includes a first portion extending from the first conductive patch, a second portion extending from the second conductive patch and connected to the first portion at a point positioned at one end of the first portion, and a first common portion connected to the first tuning circuit and connecting the first conductive patch and the second conductive patch to the first tuning circuit, a ground, and a wireless communication circuit, and the wireless communication circuit may be configured to feed the plurality of conductive patches to receive a signal in a designated frequency band.

Honeycomb cavity waveguides are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a mobile device includes an antenna and a front-end system. The front-end system includes a radio frequency circuit that outputs a radio frequency signal, and a plurality of honeycomb cavity waveguides arranged in an array. The plurality of honeycomb cavity waveguides includes a first honeycomb cavity waveguide that guides the radio frequency signal to the antenna.

Honeycomb cavity waveguides are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a mobile device includes an antenna and a front-end system. The front-end system includes a radio frequency circuit that outputs a radio frequency signal, and a plurality of honeycomb cavity waveguides arranged in an array. The plurality of honeycomb cavity waveguides includes a first honeycomb cavity waveguide that guides the radio frequency signal to the antenna.

Provided is an antenna device with a simple configuration and in which it is possible to control the directivity in various directions. An antenna device according to the present invention is provided with: an array antenna that includes at least one antenna element disposed on a first surface of a substrate and that forms beams in respective directions having a plurality of angles including a first angle relative to the first surface of the substrate; and a side wall that is provided on at least a partial periphery of the at least one antenna element and that refracts, in a direction along the substrate, a first beam in the direction having the first angle.

Provided is an antenna device with a simple configuration and in which it is possible to control the directivity in various directions. An antenna device according to the present invention is provided with: an array antenna that includes at least one antenna element disposed on a first surface of a substrate and that forms beams in respective directions having a plurality of angles including a first angle relative to the first surface of the substrate; and a side wall that is provided on at least a partial periphery of the at least one antenna element and that refracts, in a direction along the substrate, a first beam in the direction having the first angle.

A nonreciprocal phased-array antenna includes an array of resonant antennas a.sub.1, . . . , a.sub.n. During transmission, an outbound signal having a frequency f.sub.0 and a phase shift φ.sub.di caused by propagation through a data network feeds into each resonant antenna a.sub.i. Each resonant antenna a.sub.i upconverts the outbound signal using a modulation signal having a frequency f.sub.m and a phase shift φ.sub.mi caused by propagation through a modulation network to produce an upconverted radiated signal having a frequency f.sub.0+f.sub.m and a phase proportionate to φ.sub.di+φ.sub.mi. During reception, an inbound signal of frequency f.sub.0+f.sub.m is received at each resonant antenna a.sub.i and is downconverted using the modulation signal to produce a downconverted signal having a frequency f.sub.0 and a phase proportionate to −φ.sub.mi. After passing through the data network to the inbound port, the downconverted signal has a phase proportionate to φ.sub.di−φ.sub.mi.

A nonreciprocal phased-array antenna includes an array of resonant antennas a.sub.1, . . . , a.sub.n. During transmission, an outbound signal having a frequency f.sub.0 and a phase shift φ.sub.di caused by propagation through a data network feeds into each resonant antenna a.sub.i. Each resonant antenna a.sub.i upconverts the outbound signal using a modulation signal having a frequency f.sub.m and a phase shift φ.sub.mi caused by propagation through a modulation network to produce an upconverted radiated signal having a frequency f.sub.0+f.sub.m and a phase proportionate to φ.sub.di+φ.sub.mi. During reception, an inbound signal of frequency f.sub.0+f.sub.m is received at each resonant antenna a.sub.i and is downconverted using the modulation signal to produce a downconverted signal having a frequency f.sub.0 and a phase proportionate to −φ.sub.mi. After passing through the data network to the inbound port, the downconverted signal has a phase proportionate to φ.sub.di−φ.sub.mi.

A phase shifter and a manufacturing method thereof and an antenna and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The phase shifter includes: first and second substrates opposite to each other; a first electrode provided on the first substrate and configured to receive a ground signal; a second electrode provided on a side of the second substrate facing towards the first substrate; liquid crystals encapsulated between the first substrate and the second substrate and driven by the first electrode and the second electrode to rotate; and a support structure provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a first spacer. The first spacer is located on a side of the second electrode facing away from the second substrate, and an orthographic projection of the first spacer on the second substrate is within an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the second substrate.

A phase shifter and a manufacturing method thereof and an antenna and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The phase shifter includes: first and second substrates opposite to each other; a first electrode provided on the first substrate and configured to receive a ground signal; a second electrode provided on a side of the second substrate facing towards the first substrate; liquid crystals encapsulated between the first substrate and the second substrate and driven by the first electrode and the second electrode to rotate; and a support structure provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a first spacer. The first spacer is located on a side of the second electrode facing away from the second substrate, and an orthographic projection of the first spacer on the second substrate is within an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the second substrate.

A long-range wireless power transfer system 100 is disclosed. The system 100 comprises at least a transmitting antenna 110 that is configured to receive electric power from a power source as an input, convert the input electric power into electromagnetic energy, and radiate the electromagnetic energy into free space as a directional beam that is a collimated or substantially collimated beam. The rectifying antenna 130 is positioned or configured to be positioned at a distance from the transmitting antenna 110. The rectifying antenna 130 is configured to receive the directional beam and convert the electromagnetic energy into electricity. In certain embodiments, the system 100 utilise one or more phase correcting devices 120, 122 to maintain the directional beam as the collimated beam and to increase a range to which the directional beam is maintained as the collimated or substantially collimated beam.