A transparent flexible bio-electrode and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The transparent flexible bio-electrode includes a substrate, electrode sites disposed at one side on the substrate, electroconductive contacts disposed at the other side on the substrate, and an interconnector configured to connect the electrode sites and the contacts.

A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device includes a microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode includes a body having a void formed therein and a plurality of microneedles. The void surrounds the plurality of microneedles, and the plurality of microneedles are bent outward with respect to the body to form a three-dimensional microneedle electrode. Additionally, each of the plurality of microneedles is sized and shaped to penetrate a nerve epineurium.

A neural interfacing device is disclosed. The neural interfacing device includes a microneedle electrode. The microneedle electrode includes a body having a void formed therein and a plurality of microneedles. The void surrounds the plurality of microneedles, and the plurality of microneedles are bent outward with respect to the body to form a three-dimensional microneedle electrode. Additionally, each of the plurality of microneedles is sized and shaped to penetrate a nerve epineurium.

A bioelectric current estimation method includes acquiring position information of a nerve in a measurement target region of a subject for which magnetic data is measured with a magnetic sensor, the position information of the nerve being acquired based on a nerve image included in a morphological image of the measurement target region; acquiring a positional relationship between a position of the nerve and a position of the magnetic sensor, based on the acquired position information of the nerve and position information of the magnetic sensor when the magnetic sensor is positioned to face the measurement target region; and estimating a neural activity current, which is generated in association with neural activity of the subject, based on the acquired positional relationship and the magnetic data of the measurement target region measured by the magnetic sensor.

A bioelectric current estimation method includes acquiring position information of a nerve in a measurement target region of a subject for which magnetic data is measured with a magnetic sensor, the position information of the nerve being acquired based on a nerve image included in a morphological image of the measurement target region; acquiring a positional relationship between a position of the nerve and a position of the magnetic sensor, based on the acquired position information of the nerve and position information of the magnetic sensor when the magnetic sensor is positioned to face the measurement target region; and estimating a neural activity current, which is generated in association with neural activity of the subject, based on the acquired positional relationship and the magnetic data of the measurement target region measured by the magnetic sensor.

Implantable nerve transducers are provided herein, along with methods of fabricated such implantable nerve transducers. In one embodiment, an implantable nerve transducer includes a first housing including a first material, the first housing defining a first chamber; a stimulator circuit positioned within the first chamber and being disposed on a first substrate including the first material, the first material being a non-metallic biocompatible material; a second housing including the first material, the second housing defining a second chamber; and a solid-state battery disposed on a second substrate including the first material, the solid-state battery being positioned within the second chamber, the second housing being mounted to the first housing, the implantable nerve transducer being configured to be implantable and configured to stimulate or sense signals from a nerve of a living organism.

Implantable nerve transducers are provided herein, along with methods of fabricated such implantable nerve transducers. In one embodiment, an implantable nerve transducer includes a first housing including a first material, the first housing defining a first chamber; a stimulator circuit positioned within the first chamber and being disposed on a first substrate including the first material, the first material being a non-metallic biocompatible material; a second housing including the first material, the second housing defining a second chamber; and a solid-state battery disposed on a second substrate including the first material, the solid-state battery being positioned within the second chamber, the second housing being mounted to the first housing, the implantable nerve transducer being configured to be implantable and configured to stimulate or sense signals from a nerve of a living organism.

An electrical interferential technique is used to determine operable treatment parameters which are then used to apply a treatment to a patient. A range of beat frequencies is applied to the patient and an indicator of autonomic nervous system activity is measured. When some degree of autonomic nervous system activity is detected, a subsequent trial is conducted using an overlaying range of frequencies, a narrower range or a single frequency, in an attempt to fine tune the reaction of the autonomic nervous system. The subsequent trial may use a different measure of activity of the autonomic nervous system. A garment having a series of electrode sites thereon may be used for a partially trained person to correctly apply electrodes to the patient's body. The treatments may be conducted while the patient is asleep.

The invention relates to a multi-layer structure having at least one flexible backing layer, at least one electrically insulating layer, and at least one electrically conductive layer, the electrically insulating layer being arranged between and connected to the backing layer and the electrically conductive layer, at least the backing layer being able to be elongated by at least 0.5% and comprising a shape memory material that is adapted to transmit restoring forces to mend cracks in the electrically insulating layer.

The invention relates to a multi-layer structure having at least one flexible backing layer, at least one electrically insulating layer, and at least one electrically conductive layer, the electrically insulating layer being arranged between and connected to the backing layer and the electrically conductive layer, at least the backing layer being able to be elongated by at least 0.5% and comprising a shape memory material that is adapted to transmit restoring forces to mend cracks in the electrically insulating layer.