Passivation methods and compositions for electrode binders are disclosed. A coated binder particle for use in an electrode film of an energy storage device is provided. The coated binder particle can comprise a coating over the surface of a binder particle, wherein the coating provides ionic insulation to the binder particle. In some embodiments, the coating covers the entire surface of the binder particle. In still further embodiments, a coated binder particle in an energy storage device blocks ionic contact between the binder and an electrolyte.

Provided herein are dry process electrode films, and energy storage devices incorporating the same, including a microparticulate non-fibrillizable binder having certain particle sizes. The electrode films exhibit improved mechanical and processing characteristics. Also provided are methods for processing such microparticulate non-fibrillizable electrode film binders, and for incorporating the microparticulate non-fibrillizable binders in electrode films.

An electrode material, its manufacturing method, and its use as a cathode material in batteries are provided. The electrode material comprises a plurality of nanoparticles, each having a diameter of approximately 100-400 nm and comprising a core and a shell encapsulating the core. The shell comprises carbon and nitrogen, respectively having a mass fraction of approximately 70-90% and approximately 5-20% relative to a total mass of the shell. The core comprises sulfur, having a mass fraction of approximately 40-97% relative to a total mass of the core. The core has a mass fraction of approximately 50-90% relative to a total mass of each nanoparticle. The electrode material can be used in a cathode of a Li—S battery, which has a good energy storage capacity, a high electrochemical stability, and a low capacity decay.

This electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprises: an electrode core with an undercoat layer formed on the surface thereof; and an electrode composite layer formed on the undercoat layer of the electrode core. The undercoat layer can be obtained by applying an undercoat dispersion liquid on the surface of the electrode core and drying the dispersion liquid. The average diameter of an electroconductive auxiliary agent used for the undercoat layer is no greater than 12 nm. The molecular weight of a binder used for the undercoat layer is no less than 900,000. The thickness of the undercoat layer is no greater than 20 μm. The molecular weight of a binder used for the electrode composite layer is no less than 900,000.

This electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has: an electrode core having an undercoat layer formed on the surface thereof; an electrode mixture layer formed on the undercoat layer of the electrode core. The undercoat layer is obtained by applying an undercoat dispersion on the surface of the electrode core and drying the same. A conductive auxiliary agent used for the undercoat layer is formed of carbon nanotubes. The average diameter of the conductive auxiliary agent is 12 nm or less. The aspect ratio (average length/average diameter) of the conductive auxiliary agent is 4000 or greater. The thickness of the undercoat layer is 0.10 μm or less.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode binder, and a positive electrode conductor. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material. The positive electrode active material includes a lithium-cobalt composite oxide. The positive electrode binder includes a vinylidene fluoride polymer having a melting point of higher than or equal to 160° C. and lower than or equal to 170° C. The positive electrode conductor includes carbon black having a hollow structure. The negative electrode active material includes a carbon material.

Provided is a polyvinylidene fluoride comprising: vinylidene fluoride unit; and a pentenoic acid unit represented by formula (1): CH.sub.2═CH— (CH).sub.2—COOY wherein Y represents at least one selected from the group consisting of an inorganic cation and an organic cation, a content of vinylidene fluoride unit is 95.0 to 99.99 mol % based on all monomer units of the polyvinylidene fluoride, and a content of the pentenoic acid unit is 0.01 to 5.0 mol % based on all monomer units of the polyvinylidene fluoride.

A positive electrode layer is to be used in an all-solid-state battery, and includes a positive electrode current collector; a positive electrode junction layer including at least a conductive agent and disposed on the positive electrode current collector; and a positive electrode material mixture layer disposed on the positive electrode junction layer and including at least a positive electrode active material including a plurality of particles, a solid electrolyte having ion conductivity, and a plurality of conductive fibers. The plurality of conductive fibers include a conductive fiber that is positioned to connect adjacent particles of the positive electrode active material. A concentration of a binder included in the positive electrode material mixture layer is 100 ppm or less, and a concentration of a solvent included in the positive electrode material mixture layer is 50 ppm or less.

The present disclosure describes energy storage (e.g., electrochemical) devices with customized architectures. Such customized architectures include multilayered electrode films and/or multidimensional electrode films.

A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a lithium ion conductive nonaqueous electrolyte, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. On the negative electrode, lithium metal deposits during charging, and the lithium metal is dissolved during discharging; the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector, and a plurality of layers stacked on the negative electrode current collector; the plurality of layers include a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer; of the first to third layers, the first layer is closest to the negative electrode current collector, and the third layer is farthest from the negative electrode current collector; the first layer contains a material capable of storing lithium ions; the second layer contains lithium metal, and the third layer has an insulation property and a lithium ion permeability.