A method of fabricating a casting, the method including applying a substrate to a sacrificial mold, the sacrificial mold including a shaped non-planar receiving surface to receive the substrate and provide a casting of the substrate having a shaped structure corresponding to the receiving surface; and subjecting the sacrificial mold and casting to freeze drying conditions and sublimating the sacrificial mold from the casting to form a cast article including the shaped non-planar structure.

Proposed is an apparatus and method for creating a formed article comprised of at least one layer of thermoplastic and at least one layer of cellulose fibers to create a composite article. The formed article may additionally be compressed to further reduce its thickness and improve its look and feel as well as mechanical properties.

A bio-based UV-curable 3D printed resin includes the following components by weight percentage: 19-78% of biodegradable starch resin polymer, 1-9% of radical initiator, 0.2-4% of adjuvant, 13-62% of reactive diluent and 2-8% hydroxyethyl starch. The preparation method thereof comprises the following steps of: mixing the above components by component proportion, ultrasonically washing the mixture for 10-20 min by an ultrasonic cleaner under a water temperature of 50° C., and then mixing the same in a homogenizer homogeneously to obtain the bio-based UV-curable 3D printed resin. The renewable resources are adopted and the environmental pollution and energy consumption are reduced, which is of bio-safety. Moreover, the hydroxyethyl starch has a high molecular compound generated by hydroxyethylation of glucose ring of amylose, resulting in various benefits. The 3D printed resin obtained has excellent performance and low skin irritation value.

Bio-Inks and methods of using compositions comprising the bio-Inks are disclosed. 3-D tissue repair and regeneration through precise and specific formation of biodegradable tissue scaffolds in a tissue site using the bio-inks are also provided. Specific methylacrylated gelatin hydrogels (MAC) and methacrylated chitosan (MACh) preparations formulated with sucrose, a silicate-containing component (such as laponite), and/or a cross-linking agent (such as a photo-initiator or chemical initiator), as well as powdered preparations of these, are also disclosed. Kits containing these preparations are provided for point-of-care tissue repair in vivo. Superior, more complete (up to 99.85% tissue regeneration within 4 weeks applied in situ), and rapid in situ tissue repair and bone formation are also demonstrated.

A residual material withdrawal control method and a bio-printer are provided. The residual material withdrawal control method includes: obtaining a length of a printing material attached to an exterior of a spray head (12) of a printer; and performing multiple withdrawals on the printing material attached to the exterior of the spray head (12) by a material driving mechanism until the length of the printing material attached to the exterior of the spray head (12) is not higher than an allowable value, according to the length of the printing material. The residual material withdrawal control method can effectively eliminate the printing material attached to the spray head (12) of the printer.

A prosthetic device can be implanted in the corpora cavernosa of a penis with erectile dysfunction. The device being formed by two cylinders that can be inflated with a fluid. The device comprises a variable-length erectable portion formed by a chamber that can be pressurized with a low volume of fluid and is formed between an expandable membrane and an axially extendable and foldable longitudinal rib. The membrane and rib extend between a distal tip element and an intermediate connector from which a shortenable anchoring rod emerges, the rib being a single piece formed by a variable-length distal section, an intermediate section that is foldable and extendable in an axial direction, and a proximal section comprising optimized means for the continuous lateral supply of the fluid to the pressurisable chamber. The device also has an integrated unit for storing and pressurizing the fluid, which can be implanted in the scrotum.

A method of manufacturing a microstructure comprises printing a positive mold structure, filling the positive mold structure with a second material to form an elastically deformable negative mold structure, filling the negative mold structure with a third material to form the microstructure, and releasing the microstructure from the negative mold structure. Advantageously, the negative mold structure can be stretched to facilitate the release of the microstructure. For example, the microstructure comprises a chamber with capped micropillars for the generation and/or analysis of muscle tissue.

The present invention relates to biomaterial in the form of dispersion of cellulose nanofibrils with extraordinary shear thinning properties which can be converted into desire 3D shape using 3D Bioprinting technology. In this invention cellulose nanofibril dispersion, is processed through different mechanical, enzymatic and chemical steps to yield dispersion with desired morphological and rheological properties to be used as bioink in 3D Bioprinter. The processes are followed by purification, adjusting of osmolarity of the material and sterilization to yield biomaterial which has cytocompatibility and can be combined with living cells. Cellulose nanofibrils can be produced by microbial process but can also be isolated from plant secondary or primary cell wall, animals such as tunicates, algae and fungi. The present invention describes applications of this novel cellulose nanofibrillar bioink for 3D Bioprinting of tissue and organs with desired architecture.

Disclosed is a micro-needle including a tip formed using medicine that penetrates into the skin and melts therein; and at least one guide groove each in a stepped shape inward from the outer surface of the tip, and provided to the tip. The micro-needle configured as above may be used to administer a fixed quantity of medicine within a relatively short period of time. Also, since a guide space stepped based on the tip is provided to a base that supports the tip, a large amount of medicine may easily penetrate into the skin.

The present disclosure provides tissue wrap devices with embedded three dimensional attachment features, methods of manufacturing three-dimensional attachment features for tissue wrap devices, and methods of using a nerve wrap device to protect a damaged nerve. Tissue wrap devices of the present disclosure may include a sheet of biocompatible material, the sheet having a first side, a second side, a middle portion, a first outer portion, and a second outer portion, the first side of the first outer portion being configured to overlap and interface with the second side of the second outer portion when the sheet is transitioned to a rolled configuration; wherein the first side of the first outer portion comprises a plurality of three dimensional attachment features; and wherein the plurality of three dimensional attachment features are configured to engage with the second side of the second outer portion to maintain the sheet in the rolled configuration.