The present invention is generally directed to nanoparticle stabilized firefighting foam concentrates, firefighting foam solutions, and firefighting foams prepared from a concentrate or solution of the present invention containing one or more silica nanoparticles (e.g., surface modified silica nanoparticles) and any or all of one or more components selected from one or more organic solvents, one or more surfactants, one or more biopolymers, and one or more alcohols. The present invention is also directed to methods for increasing the resistance of a firefighting foam to a polar solvent. The present invention is further directed to methods for preparing firefighting foam concentrates including silica nanoparticles (e.g., surface modified silica nanoparticles).

An aqueous fire-fighting foam concentrate includes a sugar component including a monosaccharide sugar, a sugar alcohol, or a combination thereof; a polysaccharide thickener; a surfactant component selected from an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant, a water-miscible organic solvent; and at least about 30 wt. % water.

A flame retardant product that contains an aqueous solution that includes a hydroxylated carbon-based component, an intumescent agent suitable for at least partially or even completely dehydrating the hydroxylated carbon-based component in such a way as to generate, under the effect of heat, a carbonaceous foam, and a thixotropic agent, selected to have a viscosity that increases as a result of water being added in the absence of shear. The solution has a sufficient concentration of the hydroxylated carbon-based component and the intumescent agent so that an addition of water to said solution increases the viscosity thereof in the absence of shear. The content by weight of the hydroxylated carbon-based component is greater than 10%.

An aqueous concentrate, which can be diluted with an aqueous diluent to form a foam precursor composition, is provided. The foam precursor composition may be aerated to form a firefighting foam. The aqueous firefighting composition includes a sugar component; a surfactant component, which includes one or more of an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant; polysaccharide thickener, which includes succinoglycan; and at least about 30 wt. % water.

A method of fighting a fire, the method includes aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an aerated firefighting foam; administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid; wherein the firefighting foam composition includes a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, optionally a nonionic surfactant, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; an aliphatic alcohol-based component comprising at least two compounds selected from C.sub.8-C.sub.14-aliphatic alcohols and ethoxylates of C.sub.10-C.sub.14-aliphatic alcohols having an average of no more than about 6 ethylene oxide units; and at least about 30 wt. % water.

A method of fighting a fire includes aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an aerated firefighting foam; administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid; wherein: the firefighting foam composition includes a sugar component; a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan; and at least about 30 wt. % water.

Disclosed is a firefighting composition of the surfactants below and water. The values of m, n, x, and y are independently selected positive integers. R is an organic group. R is a siloxane group.

##STR00001##

Surfactant mixture comprising (i) 50%-99% C1 comprising for 100% of its weight: (a) 65%-90% of a compound R1-C(O)NHCH(COOH)(CH2CH2)-COOH, R1 represents C7-C17, (b) 10%-35% of a compound R1-C(O)OH (ii) 1%-50% C2 comprising for 100% of its weight: (c) 37.5%-100% R3-O-(G3)p-H, R3 represents C12-C16, G3 represents the residue of a reducing sugar, 1.05p5, (d) 0%-37.5% of an alcohol R3-OH, (e) 0%-12.5% of R4-O-(G4)q-H, R4 represents C4-C7, G4 represents the residue of a reducing sugar, 1.05q5, (f) 0%-12.5% of an alcohol R4-OH. Use of the surfactant mixture as constituent of a fire-fighting foam liquid. Method for extinguishing a fire.

The invention discloses a plant type active antiflaming extinguishant and preparation method and application thereof, wherein the plant type active antiflaming extinguishant is mainly prepared by compounding 15-20% of plant anti-burning agent, 8-17% of plant composite flame retardant active agent and 63-82% of plant slag water, etc.; and mixed with water at a concentration of 1-5%, and the mixed liquid is filled into fire extinguishing equipments for supporting use. The plant type active flame retardant extinguishing agent provided by the present invention increases a variety of plant fruits, increases the different sources of plant protein, pectin, polyhydroxy compounds rich in tannin, lignin and anti-burning material, and obtains a stronger extinguishing function and an ideal extinguishing effect, which is beyond the reach of the existing fire extinguishing agent; raw material is easy to get and its price is low, and manufacturing process and required equipment are easy to access.

Embodiments described herein relate to firefighting foam generators. The generators may include a receptacle for receiving liquid. A gas supply may be provided for supplying gas into the liquid to create foam. At least one turbulence creator may be provided for creating turbulence in the receptacle. Advantageously, the firefighting foam generators create turbulence to assist with mixing the gas and liquid when creating the foam. The embodiments provide for improved mixing and evenness of foam, without foam flooding, when compared with known foam generators. The embodiments are also simple to manufacture when compared with known foam generators.