A probiotic egg wash for the exterior surface of the eggshell that is ingested by the developing embryo resulting in an established GI tract microbiome that promotes health and outcompetes potential pathogens such as Salmonella is provided herein. In the preferred embodiment, the probiotic wash is composed at least of L. casei, L. rhamnosus, L. planitarum, L. paracasei, and/or B. lactis at a concentration of between 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.9 CFU per egg.

Provided is a novel Lactobacillus Plantarum strain and a composition for preventing or treating a metabolic disease including the same. A Lactobacillus Plantarum (Accession No. KCTC 14107BP) according to the present invention may inhibit fat accumulation in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver tissue. The Lactobacillus Plantarum strain may exhibit excellent blood glucose improvement effect, and in particular, may reduce a fasting blood glucose level. The Lactobacillus Plantarum strain may effectively ameliorate insulin resistance by improving glucose tolerance and increasing insulin sensitivity. In addition, the Lactobacillus Plantarum strain may regulate a concentration of metabolic hormones in blood. Therefore, the Lactobacillus Plantarum strain may be usefully used to prevent or treat a metabolic disease.

The present invention relates to a Lactobacillus spp. selective prebiotic composition comprising one, or a mixture of two or more, of: xylooligosaccharides, cellobiose and/or gentiooligosaccharides. The present invention also relates to a synbiotic composition comprising a probiotic component comprising one or more strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and/or one or more strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and a prebiotic component comprising a growth medium which is specific for the growth of the probiotic component, wherein the prebiotic growth medium comprises one or more, or a mixture of two of more, components selected from: xylooligosaccharides, cellobiose and/or gentiooligosaccharides. The present invention also relates to methods of producing and selecting such compositions.

The present invention relates to a Lactobacillus spp. selective prebiotic composition comprising one, or a mixture of two or more, of: xylooligosaccharides, cellobiose and/or gentiooligosaccharides. The present invention also relates to a synbiotic composition comprising a probiotic component comprising one or more strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and/or one or more strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and a prebiotic component comprising a growth medium which is specific for the growth of the probiotic component, wherein the prebiotic growth medium comprises one or more, or a mixture of two of more, components selected from: xylooligosaccharides, cellobiose and/or gentiooligosaccharides. The present invention also relates to methods of producing and selecting such compositions.

A method for producing a fermentate including the steps of obtaining a fruit or vegetable extract, treating the extract with a hydrolytic enzyme, mixing the extract with a fermenting microorganism, water, and a growth media to produce a liquid composition; and incubating the liquid composition at a controlled temperature and a controlled pH to produce a fermentate. A method for killing or inhibiting the growth of a contaminating microorganism on or within a food product, and a food product including a fermentate having a cellular mass component from a fermenting microorganism, a fermented fruit or vegetable extract and a hydrolytic enzyme are disclosed. A fermentate produced by any one of the methods described is contemplated. The fermentate may be a concentrated liquid or a dry powder and has the ability to inhibit the growth of a contaminating microorganism by 100% when diluted to less than 5% (w/v).

The present disclosure relates to a composition for ameliorating immune disorders and preventing or treating respiratory inflammatory diseases, the composition including, as an active ingredient, new lactic acid bacteria from Lactobacillus plantarum KC3 (also referred to as “CKDB-KC3”). It is confirmed that the composition is useful as a pharmaceutical composition or a health functional food for ameliorating immune disorders and preventing and treating a respiratory inflammatory diseases by confirming that the new strain of the present disclosure exhibits excellent activities of ameliorating immune disorders and inhibiting respiratory inflammatory diseases through the following animal experiments: an experiment on the characteristics of the new lactic acid bacteria from the Lactobacillus plantarum KC3 (see Experimental Example 1); an experiment on the inhibitory effect of probiotics on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the intestines (see Experimental Example 2); an experiment on the anti-inflammatory effect on ear edema (see Experimental Example 3); and an experiment on the defense effect against respiratory damage caused by air pollutants such as fine dust (see Experimental Example 4 and FIG. 1). That is, the new strain disclosed herein may be usefully utilized as a pharmaceutical composition, health functional food, or health supplement food for the amelioration of immune disorders and the prevention or treatment of respiratory inflammatory diseases.

A method for producing γ-aminobutyric acid includes cultivating, in a culture medium containing glutamic acid or a salt thereof, a probiotic composition including at least one lactic acid bacterial strain selected from the group consisting of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 which is deposited at the Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center under an accession number GDMCC 60386, Lactobacillus acidophilus TYCA06, Lactobacillus plantarum LPL28, and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis BLI-02 which are deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center respectively under accession numbers CGMCC 15210, CGMCC 17954, and CGMCC 15212, Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius AP-32 which is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection under an accession number CCTCC M 2011127, and combinations thereof.

Disclosed are a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a respiratory disease, and health functional food, a food composition, and a quasi-drug composition for preventing and ameliorating a respiratory disease, each including, as active ingredients, a Lactobacillus plantarum KC3 strain and a Leonurus japonicus extract. The composition including the Lactobacillus plantarum KC3 strain (Accession No: KCTC13375BP) and the Leonurus japonicus extract as active ingredients according to an aspect has a defense effect against respiratory damage caused by air pollutants such as fine dust and can inhibit expression of IL-17A, TNF-α, and CXCL-1, thereby being able to effectively treat or prevent a respiratory disease including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, the effect of the active ingredient combination above results in a synergistic inhibition or treatment effect on bronchial inflammation by the administration compared to the existing therapeutic effect of a respiratory inflammatory disease of each of the Leonurus japonicus extract and the lactic acid bacteria KC3. Thus, the present disclosure can be usefully utilized for the prevention or treatment of a respiratory disease.

The present disclosure is directed to a method for reducing immunoreactivity of a food including (a) incubating a food that contains at least one protein with a cross-linking enzyme to form a food that includes at least one cross-linked protein; and (b) fermenting the food including the at least one cross-linked protein with a microorganism to form a modified food including a hydrolysate of the at least one cross-linked protein, wherein (a) is performed before (b) and wherein a level of immunoreactivity of the modified food is less than a level of immunoreactivity of an unmodified food including at least one protein. Modified foods obtained from the present method are also provided.

Novel strains of Lactobacillus plantarum GCWB1001 deposited as accession number KCCM12698P, Pediococcus acidilactici GCWB1085 deposited as accession number KCCM12699P, or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCWB1156 deposited as accession number KCCM12700P are disclosed. The novel strains have the excellent effect of treating or alleviating respiratory diseases. Additionally, provided are a pharmaceutical composition, a health functional food composition, and probiotics, all of which have the effect of treating or alleviating inflammatory diseases or respiratory diseases, containing any one of the novel strains.