A cathode active material for a lithium ion battery includes particles having a core-shell structure, where each of the particles has a core including a core material and a shell including a shell material. The core material is selected from the group consisting of: layered oxides, including overlithiated layered oxides, compounds having an olivine structure, compounds having a spinel structure, and combinations thereof. The shell material includes a spinel compound. The shell material and/or the core material is at least partially delithiated.

A binder-free, self-supporting electrode including an electrochemically active material in the absence of a binder and a current collector is claimed. The electrochemically active material is a self-supporting transition metal oxide. A method of regenerating the electrode to restore capacity of the electrode is also claimed.

Provided is an improved method for forming a coated lithium ion cathode materials specifically for use in a battery. The method comprises forming a first solution comprising a digestible feedstock of a first metal suitable for formation of a cathode oxide precursor and a multi-carboxylic acid. The digestible feedstock is digested to form a first metal salt in solution wherein the first metal salt precipitates as a salt of deprotonated multi-carboxylic acid thereby forming an oxide precursor and a coating metal is added to the oxide precursor. The oxide precursor is heated to form the coated lithium ion cathode material.

A cathode configured to use oxygen as a cathode active material includes: a porous film including a metal oxide, where a porosity of the porous film is about 50 volume percent to about 95 volume percent, based on a total volume of the porous film, and an amount of an organic component in the porous film is 0 to about 2 weight percent, based on a total weight of the porous film.

The present disclosure relates to methodologies, systems and apparatus for generating lithium ion battery materials. Starting materials are combined to form a homogeneous precursor solution including lithium, and a droplet maker is used to generate droplets of the precursor solution having controlled size. These droplets are introduced into a microwave generated plasma, where micron or sub-micron scale lithium-containing particles are formed. These lithium-containing particles are collected and formed into a slurry to form lithium ion battery materials.

The invention relates to a lithium positive electrode active material for a high voltage secondary battery: the lithium positive electrode active material comprising at least 94 wt % spinel, where the spinel has a net chemical composition of Li.sub.xNi.sub.yMn.sub.2-yO.sub.4, wherein:

0.95≤x≤1.05;

0.43≤y≤0.47.

The lithium positive electrode active material is made up of particles characterized by one or more of the following parameter ranges: the particles have average aspect ratio below 1.6, the particles have a roughness below 1.35, particles have a circularity above 0.55. Then invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the lithium positive electrode active material as well as a secondary battery comprising the lithium positive electrode active material.

Modified copper chromite spinel pigments exhibit lower coefficients of thermal expansion than unmodified structures. Three methods exist to modify the pigments: (1) the incorporation of secondary modifiers into the pigment core composition, (2) control of the pigment firing profile, including both the temperature and the soak time, and (3) control of the pigment core composition.

A method for producing a nickel cobalt complex hydroxide includes first crystallization of supplying a solution containing Ni, Co and Mn, a complex ion forming agent and a basic solution separately and simultaneously to one reaction vessel to obtain nickel cobalt complex hydroxide particles, and a second crystallization of, after the first crystallization, further supplying a solution containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese, a solution of a complex ion forming agent, a basic solution, and a solution containing said element M separately and simultaneously to the reaction vessel to crystallize a complex hydroxide particles containing nickel, cobalt, manganese and said element M on the nickel cobalt complex hydroxide particles crystallizing a complex hydroxide particles comprising Ni, Co, Mn and the element M on the nickel cobalt complex hydroxide particles.

Trace hydrogen may be removed from a dry gas by passing the dry gas at a temperature from about 0° C. to about 60° C. through at least one layer of a first hopcalite catalyst to produce product gas that is at least substantially free of hydrogen, wherein the first hopcalite catalyst has a molar ratio of copper to manganese of more than 0.55. Advantages include increase hydrogen capacity, lower feed and regeneration temperatures and lower sensitivity to carbon dioxide than equivalent processes using standard hopcalite catalyst having a Cu/Mn molar ratio from 0.45 to 0.55.

Trace hydrogen may be removed from a dry gas by passing the dry gas at a temperature from about 0° C. to about 60° C. through at least one layer of a first hopcalite catalyst to produce product gas that is at least substantially free of hydrogen, wherein the first hopcalite catalyst has a molar ratio of copper to manganese of more than 0.55. Advantages include increase hydrogen capacity, lower feed and regeneration temperatures and lower sensitivity to carbon dioxide than equivalent processes using standard hopcalite catalyst having a Cu/Mn molar ratio from 0.45 to 0.55.