There is provided a technique for detecting leakage in extracorporeal blood circulation while suppressing increased cost in a dialysis device. A dialysis device includes an artery-side blood circuit, a dialyzer, and a vein-side blood circuit. The dialysis device detects an abnormality based on a difference between theoretical value and measured value of a blood concentration in the vein-side blood circuit. The theoretical value of the blood concentration in the vein-side blood circuit is specified based on blood concentration and blood flow rate in the artery-side blood circuit and a water removal rate in the dialyzer.

According to an aspect there is provided a method for automatic maintenance of a dialysis system. The dialysis system includes a plurality of filter sections where each filter section includes a blood flow channel, a dialysate flow channel, and a membrane separating the blood flow channel from the dialysate flow channel and having a plurality of pores through which substances are exchanged between a blood flow in the blood flow channel and a dialysate flow in the dialysate flow channel. The method includes determining, for each filter section of the plurality of filter sections, whether a maintenance criterion is fulfilled. The method also includes triggering a maintenance event for a filter section of the plurality of filter sections for which the maintenance criterion is fulfilled. The method also includes executing the maintenance event and optionally administering a thrombolytic agent to the blood flow channel of the filter section.

A renal replacement apparatus (100), having a hemofilter (108); an extracorporeal blood circuit (102) configured to communicate blood from a patient (104), through the hemofilter, and back to the patient; and a flow measuring device (150) configured to measure at least one blood flow property as the blood is leaving the hemofilter and before the blood returns to the patient at a flow measuring device location (152), wherein the flow measuring device comprises at least one of a viscometer and a rheometer. Alternately, or in addition, the renal replacement apparatus may include thermomodulator system (222) including at least one thermomodulator configured to selectively heat and cool the blood in the extracorporeal blood circuit. The renal replacement apparatus (100) may have a controller (160). The controller may use artificial intelligence. Other embodiments are described herein.

The present invention relates to a dialysis machine having an extracorporeal circuit in which a dialyzer is located which has a chamber on the blood side which is flowed through by blood and a first pressure sensor, which is located upstream of the chamber on the blood side in the direction of flow of the blood, for determining a first pressure value and a second pressure sensor, which is located downstream of the chamber on the blood side in the direction of flow of the blood, for determining a second pressure value, wherein the dialysis machine has first means for determining the pressure difference between the second pressure value and the first pressure value, second means for determining the dynamic viscosity of the blood on the basis of the determined pressure difference, of the blood flow rate through the chamber on the blood side and of one or more characteristic properties of the dialyzer and third means for determining the hematocrit or the hemoglobin value of the blood on the basis of the determined viscosity, and wherein the dialysis machine has a control or regulation unit which is configured such that it sets the blood flow rate and/or the dilution rate and/or the ultrafiltration rate such that the time change of the hematocrit and/or of the hemoglobin value does not exceed a limit value or lies in a desired value range.

The present disclosure is related to a method and system for providing personalised haemodialysis for subject. The method includes obtaining concentration of electrolytes and of metabolic content in blood sample flowing into and out of dialyser through first blood bypass tube and second blood bypass tube, respectively. The first and the second blood bypass tube are arranged in first sensor and second sensor. Similarly, concentration of electrolytes and metabolic content in dialysate fluid flowing into and out of dialyser through first and second dialysate tube, respectively. The first dialysate tube and second dialysate tube are arranged to pass through third sensor and fourth sensor. Further, variations are identified in concentration obtained for electrolytes and metabolic content in blood sample with respect to concentration obtained for electrolytes and metabolic content in dialysate fluid, respectively. Thereafter, removal of electrolytes and metabolic content is performed from blood sample.

An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus comprises a blood treatment device (2), an extracorporeal blood circuit, a blood pump (8) configured to be coupled to a blood withdrawal line (6) of the extracorporeal blood circuit. A closed fluid line (10) is connected to an inlet port (4a) and to an outlet port (4b) of a fluid chamber (4) of the blood treatment device (2), wherein the closed fluid line (10) together with the fluid chamber (4) forms a recirculation loop. An evacuation line (15) departs from the closed fluid line (10). A warming device (13) and a recirculation pump (17) are coupled or configured to be coupled to the closed fluid line (10). At least one temperature sensor (22) is operative on the extracorporeal blood circuit and it is configured to sense a blood temperature (Tb). A control unit (25), connected to the warming device (13), to the recirculation pump (17) and to the temperature sensor (22), is configured to execute the following procedure: receiving from the temperature sensor (22) at least a signal correlated to the blood temperature (Tb); adjusting the blood temperature (Tb) by controlling at least one of the warming device (13) and the recirculation pump (17).

The present invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for controlling the concentration of potassium in dialysate in a closed loop potassium control system. The devices, systems, and methods can be compatible with any dialysis system including sorbent-based dialysis systems, single pass dialysis systems, or other multi-pass dialysis systems. The systems can use closed loop potassium control over potassium concentration in the dialysate to reduce the probability of patient arrhythmias. The potassium concentration can be controlled and personalized to a patient using certain predetermined patient parameters. Related systems, algorithms, and control systems are contemplated for optimizing the potassium concentration in the dialysate.

A method and automated system for processing blood in which the automated system includes a programmable controller, a database, and an interactive display screen for displaying information and receiving operator input. The programmable controller is configured to automatically control the system to perform the method. Upon activation of the system, the screen displays a listing of different blood processing procedures that may be performed using the system. The operator may then input into the controller an identification of a specified blood processing procedure that is to be performed, such that an initial list of parameters that are associated with the specified blood processing procedure are displayed on the screen. The operator may then input into the controller an identification of the parameters that are to populate the display screen during performance of the procedure and indicate a format in which the selected parameters are to be presented on the display screen. The controller then creates a display for the specified blood processing procedure. Current values of the selected parameters in the selected format are displayed on the screen during performance of the specified procedure. The controller automatically saves an image of the display screen periodically during performance of the specified blood processing procedure, and transfers information from the saved images of the display screens to a procedure record form.

A blood processing apparatus (1) comprises a measurement device (8) having a first chamber element (80) for measuring a haematocrit value of a blood fluid, the first chamber element (80) comprising a first inlet port (800) connectable to a first reservoir container (2) for allowing a flow from the first reservoir container (2) into the first chamber element (80) and a first outlet port (801) for allowing a flow out of the first chamber element (80), and the second chamber element (81) comprising a second inlet port (810) for allowing a flow into the second chamber element (81) and a second outlet port (811) connectable to a second reservoir container (3) for allowing a flow out of the second chamber element (81) towards the second reservoir container (3). The blood processing apparatus furthermore comprises a first pump mechanism (600) for pumping a blood fluid in a flow direction (F1) from the first reservoir container (2) towards the blood processing apparatus (1), and a second pump mechanism (610) for pumping a blood fluid in a flow direction (F2) from the blood processing apparatus (1) towards the second reservoir container (2). Herein, the first pump mechanism (600) is located upstream of the first inlet port (800) of the first chamber element (80) and the second pump mechanism (610) is located upstream of the second inlet port (810) of the second chamber element (81). In this way a blood processing apparatus comprising a measurement device is provided which in an easy and reliable manner allows for a measurement of in particular a haematocrit value in the incoming blood flow as well as the outgoing blood flow.

A blood processing apparatus (1) comprises a measurement device (8) having at least one chamber element (80, 81) for receiving a blood fluid, wherein the at least one chamber element (80, 81) extends along a longitudinal axis (L) and comprises a circumferential wall (804, 814) extending about the longitudinal axis (L), a bottom wall (803, 813) and a top wall (805, 815) together defining a flow chamber (802, 812), the at last one chamber element (80, 81) further comprising an inlet port (800, 810) for allowing a flow of a blood fluid into the flow chamber (802, 812) and an outlet port (801, 811) for allowing a flow of a blood fluid out of the flow chamber (802, 812). The blood processing apparatus (1) further comprises a holder device (9) for holding the measurement device (8), the holder device (9) comprising a base (90) having a reception opening (900) for receiving the measurement device (8) and a closure element (91) movably arranged on the base (90) for locking the measurement device (8) in an inserted position in the reception opening (900). An ultrasonic sensor element (92, 93) of the holder device (9) is arranged on the base (90) and adapted to produce an ultrasonic sensor signal (P) for measuring a haematocrit value of a blood fluid in the flow chamber (802, 812). Herein, the ultrasonic sensor element (92, 93), in the inserted position of the measurement device (8), faces the bottom wall (803, 813) of the at least one chamber element (80, 81) for transmitting the ultrasonic signal (P) into the flow chamber (802, 812) through the bottom wall (803, 813). In this way a blood processing apparatus comprising a holder device for a measurement device is provided which allows to easily insert the measurement device into the holder device and allows for a reliable measurement of, in particular, a haematocrit value of a blood flow through the measurement device.