Disclosed is a method for degrading cannabinoid, wherein the method carries out a photocatalytic reaction on a liquid containing cannabinoid, the method specifically comprising: (1) a photocatalytic reaction; (2) filtering; and (3) recycling of a photocatalyst. After the liquid containing the cannabinoid is treated using the method, the cannabinoid content is obviously reduced and can reach ppm-level. The raw materials and reagents used in the method are cheap and easy to obtain, the operation and testing methods are simple, and the photocatalyst can be recycled, avoiding waste of resources, and facilitating industrialization.

Disclosed is a method for degrading cannabinoid, wherein the method carries out a photocatalytic reaction on a liquid containing cannabinoid, the method specifically comprising: (1) a photocatalytic reaction; (2) filtering; and (3) recycling of a photocatalyst. After the liquid containing the cannabinoid is treated using the method, the cannabinoid content is obviously reduced and can reach ppm-level. The raw materials and reagents used in the method are cheap and easy to obtain, the operation and testing methods are simple, and the photocatalyst can be recycled, avoiding waste of resources, and facilitating industrialization.

A composition having a gadolinium-, samarium-, or lanthanum-substituted porous cerium oxide and copper or gold nanoparticles. The composition can be exposed to electromagnetic radiation to form reactive oxygen species in the composition to decompose organophosphonate compounds. The composition may be made by forming a mixture of a cerium salt; a gadolinium, samarium, or lanthanum salt; and an epoxide; forming gel from the mixture; and drying the gel to form an aerogel, a xerogel, or an ambigel. Copper or gold nanoparticles are added or formed at any point in the method.

A composition having a gadolinium-, samarium-, or lanthanum-substituted porous cerium oxide and copper or gold nanoparticles. The composition can be exposed to electromagnetic radiation to form reactive oxygen species in the composition to decompose organophosphonate compounds. The composition may be made by forming a mixture of a cerium salt; a gadolinium, samarium, or lanthanum salt; and an epoxide; forming gel from the mixture; and drying the gel to form an aerogel, a xerogel, or an ambigel. Copper or gold nanoparticles are added or formed at any point in the method.

The present invention is directed to a method for irradiating of solids containing petroleum or petroleum derived compounds (PPDCs), such as soils, oily sludge, drill cuttings, sediments, and non-commercial petroleum industry products, with electron beams in order to physically and/or chemically alter the composition of the PPDCs. The method includes the step of separating PPDC gas and liquids in the presence of a gas driver. Optionally, the method includes the steps of treating off-gases and applying one or more amendments to PPCD-impacted solid material pre-irradiation, post-irradiation, or during electron beam irradiation.

Provided is a method, comprising contacting a composition that comprises metal oxide nanofilaments to a dye and/or an organic compound under such conditions that the dye and/or the organic compound undergoes at least partial decomposition or degradation, the metal oxide nanofilaments the metal oxide nanofilaments optionally comprising titanium, the metal oxide nanofilaments optionally comprising carbon, the structure of the oxide nanofilaments optionally being an lepidocrocite structure; and further optionally comprising illuminating the composition and the dye and/or the organic compound. Also provided is a system, the system comprising a conduit and an amount of a composition that comprises a metal oxide nanofilaments, the conduit placing the composition into fluid communication with a process stream, the process stream comprising a dye and/or an organic compound.

Provided is a method, comprising contacting a composition that comprises metal oxide nanofilaments to a dye and/or an organic compound under such conditions that the dye and/or the organic compound undergoes at least partial decomposition or degradation, the metal oxide nanofilaments the metal oxide nanofilaments optionally comprising titanium, the metal oxide nanofilaments optionally comprising carbon, the structure of the oxide nanofilaments optionally being an lepidocrocite structure; and further optionally comprising illuminating the composition and the dye and/or the organic compound. Also provided is a system, the system comprising a conduit and an amount of a composition that comprises a metal oxide nanofilaments, the conduit placing the composition into fluid communication with a process stream, the process stream comprising a dye and/or an organic compound.

A composition having a gadolinium-, samarium-, or lanthanum-substituted porous cerium oxide and copper or gold nanoparticles. The composition can be exposed to electromagnetic radiation to form reactive oxygen species in the composition to decompose organophosphonate compounds. The composition may be made by forming a mixture of a cerium salt; a gadolinium, samarium, or lanthanum salt; and an epoxide; forming gel from the mixture; and drying the gel to form an aerogel, a xerogel, or an ambigel. Copper or gold nanoparticles are added or formed at any point in the method.

A composition having a gadolinium-, samarium-, or lanthanum-substituted porous cerium oxide and copper or gold nanoparticles. The composition can be exposed to electromagnetic radiation to form reactive oxygen species in the composition to decompose organophosphonate compounds. The composition may be made by forming a mixture of a cerium salt; a gadolinium, samarium, or lanthanum salt; and an epoxide; forming gel from the mixture; and drying the gel to form an aerogel, a xerogel, or an ambigel. Copper or gold nanoparticles are added or formed at any point in the method.

Germanium-doped titania semiconductors, which are capable of photocatalyzed electron transfer are coated with electronic deficient fluorinated phthalocyanines capable of energy transfer. The combination of these pathways results in a broad spectrum photocatalyst useful for deactivating harmful chemical and biological agents.