A method of removing carbon dioxide from flue gas is disclosed. The method comprises mixing the flue gas with ammonia; and contacting the gas mixture with calcium nitrate solution to produce calcium carbonate precipitates and ammonium nitrate solution; or contacting the gas mixture with sodium nitrate solution to produce sodium carbonate precipitates and ammonium nitrate solution. The carbonate/bicarbonate precipitates are recovered by separating the carbonate/bicarbonates (s) from said solutions. An apparatus for performing the above method is also disclosed. The apparatus comprises a reaction vessel with an inlet to receive said solution and an inlet to receive and deliver a flue gas-ammonia mixture to a gas-liquid contactor which is configured to diffuse said gas mixture into either calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate solution. The reaction vessel is also provided with an impellor and draft tube configured to circulate the diffused gas mixture throughout the calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate solution for a period of time sufficient to produce carbonate/bicarbonate precipitates locking the CO2 into a solid form.

A vortex generator apparatus including a fluid intake duct, a fluid tank including: a first fluid inlet port, a second fluid inlet port, and a fluid outlet port. A turbine is provided outside of the fluid tank in fluid communication with the fluid outlet port.

A method of removing carbon dioxide from flue gas is disclosed. The method comprises mixing the flue gas with ammonia; and contacting the gas mixture with calcium nitrate solution to produce calcium carbonate precipitates and ammonium nitrate solution; or contacting the gas mixture with sodium nitrate solution to produce sodium carbonate precipitates and ammonium nitrate solution. The carbonate/bicarbonate precipitates are recovered by separating the carbonate/bicarbonates (s) from said solutions. An apparatus for performing the above method is also disclosed. The apparatus comprises a reaction vessel with an inlet to receive said solution and an inlet to receive and deliver a flue gas-ammonia mixture to a gas-liquid contactor which is configured to diffuse said gas mixture into either calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate solution. The reaction vessel is also provided with an impellor and draft tube configured to circulate the diffused gas mixture throughout the calcium nitrate or sodium nitrate solution for a period of time sufficient to produce carbonate/bicarbonate precipitates locking the CO2 into a solid form.

Disclosed is a method and a device for producing a homogenous metastable supersaturated solution. The homogenous metastable supersaturated solution is comprised of a liquid phase solvent and one or more solutes wherein these individual solutes are gases under conditions of standard temperature and pressure (STP) in a normal atmospheric environment. When the device is used for creating oxygen saturated metastable solutions, the oxygen levels reached to at least 3 times the maximum level that can be detected by commercial dissolved oxygen probes. The device can be used to treat any medical condition that can benefit from the use of high oxygenated or any other highly saturated gas solutions. The device can be used for any non-medical need where a highly saturated gas in solution is needed.

A device and method for injection of oxygen-rich gas into a body of liquid with oxygen recycling are disclosed. The device comprises a rotary hollow shaft vertically passing through a float partially immersed in the liquid, an impeller attached to the lower end of the rotary hollow shaft, a columnar structure, surrounding the rotary hollow shaft, mounted on the bottom side of the float and vertically extending into the liquid, a gas diffusion chamber formed by the columnar structure, the float and the liquid surface under the float, and a gas injection conduit passing through the float for delivering the oxygen gas into the gas diffusion chamber, wherein a vacuum is generated in the body of the liquid around the impeller when the impeller is driven to rotate, so that the oxygen-rich gas in the gas diffusion chamber is sucked into the body of the liquid and mixed therein.

A vortex generator apparatus including a fluid intake duct, a fluid tank including: a first fluid inlet port, a second fluid inlet port, and a fluid outlet port. A turbine is provided outside of the fluid tank in fluid communication with the fluid outlet port.

A device and method for injection of oxygen-rich gas into a body of liquid with oxygen recycling are disclosed. The device comprises a rotary hollow shaft vertically passing through a float partially immersed in the liquid, an impeller attached to the lower end of the rotary hollow shaft, a columnar structure, surrounding the rotary hollow shaft, mounted on the bottom side of the float and vertically extending into the liquid, a gas diffusion chamber formed by the columnar structure, the float and the liquid surface under the float, and a gas injection conduit passing through the float for delivering the oxygen gas into the gas diffusion chamber, wherein a vacuum is generated in the body of the liquid around the impeller when the impeller is driven to rotate, so that the oxygen-rich gas in the gas diffusion chamber is sucked into the body of the liquid and mixed therein.

An aeration system including a frame and an aerator. The aerator may be supported by the frame. The aerator may include an input and an output. The aerator may be configured to rotate with respect to the frame, and upon rotating, receive a first fluid at the input and output the first fluid into a second fluid at the output.

Aeration device includes a hollow casing having a motor therein; a mixing unit formed on front side of the casing and having a discharge hole formed in radial direction and an intake hole formed on front thereof; an impeller located inside the mixing unit and coupled to a driving shaft of the motor, the driving shaft extended to the mixing unit, so as to be rotated with the driving shaft, to generate flow in outward radial direction upon rotation, an air inflow unit having one side end located in front of the impeller and serving as an air inflow pipe for introducing air to the mixing unit; and an auxiliary intake unit located on front side of the impeller to be rotated with the driving shaft of the motor and inserted into the air inflow unit to allow fluid in the air inflow unit to flow backward upon rotation.

Disclosed is a reactor for treating, particularly by hydrothermal carbonization, sludge containing organic matter, including, with: a vessel (100) including an inner chamber arranged to receive the sludge and to form a path of travel for the sludge adapted to allow for circulation of the sludge, a sludge inlet (1) arranged to introduce the sludge into a sludge introduction area of the inner chamber, a sludge outlet (11) arranged to discharge at least part of the sludge contained in the inner chamber, and a steam inlet (3) arranged to inject steam in a steam injection zone of the inner chamber along a steam injection direction, the steam injection direction being different from a sludge circulation direction in the steam injection zone along the circulation path, the steam injection zone being separated from the sludge introduction zone.