The description relates to methods and apparatus that enable the efficient introduction of gases like air, oxygen and ozone into aqueous liquids. Gases are introduced into liquids for making that gas chemically or biologically available at a minimum energy expenditure. Impinging jets of liquid are directed into a pressurized saturation vessel having a gas-filled headspace and a saturation zone below the surface of the liquid at a velocity sufficient to create a turbulent impact and plunge zone. The resulting turbulence and mixing of gas and liquid in that zone under pressure, causes the gas to be driven into the liquid in the vessel and breaks up the gas and the liquid into a churning flow and creates a large number of bubbles. The resulting gas-enriched liquid is discharged from the vessel at an outlet to ensure a minimum of bubbles in the gas-enriched liquid.

A fine bubble generation device in one aspect of the present disclosure is a device that generates fine bubbles in a liquid by causing the liquid to pass through a porous element having many pores. In the fine bubble generation device, a differential pressure is applied between first and second sides of the element, and, by the applied differential pressure, the liquid disposed on the first side of the element is passed through the element and is jetted toward the second side to thereby generate fine bubbles. In this fine bubble generation device, the flow speed of the liquid during passage through the element is 0.009769 [m/s] or higher. The fine bubbles can thereby be generated efficiently.

A dispenser for dispensing a beverage from a beverage bottle, especially for dispensing wine from a wine bottle and facilitating the aeration of the dispensed wine while it is being poured to shorten the time normally devoted to breathing the wine. An open lesser end of the dispenser inserts into the neck of a wine bottle and preferably seals therein. A valve may be closed to temporarily preserve the wine in the bottle for later aeration while dispensing.

Process and device for dispersing gas in a downward flow of liquid, according to which the liquid is distributed along at least one jet (A) directed downwards, preferably along a plurality of jets; gas is distributed radially (F) towards the liquid jet or jets in order to be entrained by the liquid; and the liquid-gas mixture is channeled into a downflow vertical tube (P).

A system for stabilizing gas-infused liquid, includes a tubular flow path configured to receive and pass therethrough the gas-infused liquid under a pressure of at least 20 psi, wherein a surface of the flow path configured to engage the gas-infused liquid flowing through the flow path is formed of material having a surface roughness (Ra) in a range of 0.1 m-10.0 m, and the flow path has a length which is at least 100 times a mean inner diameter thereof.

A valve-tray assembly and method for lighter fluid heavier fluid contact towers. The active area of the tray is constructed with valves having multiple lighter fluid discharge areas facilitating improved mass transfer efficiency. The valves include first and second support legs oriented in line with the heavier fluid flow with both legs and the valve top constructed with apertures wherein the heavier fluid may flow into engagement with the lighter fluid passing from beneath the tray up, through and out of the valve.

The disclosure provides an alcoholizer for receiving a fluid, the alcoholizer includes a fixing component configured with a bearing and a turbine blade movably connected to the fixing component through the bearing. When the turbine blade is configured to receive the fluid, the bearing is driven to rotate. The alcoholizer of the present disclosure facilitates quick decanting of brewing liquid (such as red wine) by mixing the liquid with air.

An aerator for adding oxygen to a body of water. A pair of tubes is mounted to a plate, in turn, connected to a pair of floats suspending the aerator in the body of water. A source of pressurized air directs air flow through the tubes forcing water flow into the tubes and out vertical risers whereat the oxygenated water then falls back onto the body of water.

A system for stabilizing gas-infused liquid, includes a tubular flow path configured to receive and pass therethrough the gas-infused liquid under a pressure of at least 20 psi, wherein a surface of the flow path configured to engage the gas-infused liquid flowing through the flow path is formed of material having a surface roughness (Ra) in a range of 0.1 m-10.0 m, and the flow path has a length which is at least 100 times a mean inner diameter thereof.

The present disclosure relates to a valve tray for use in a chemical process column. The valve tray includes a plurality of apertures formed therein. A plurality of valves are maintained in a spaced relationship relative to individual apertures of the plurality of apertures. An area of the individual apertures is less than an area of individual valves of the plurality of valves.