Provided is an ultrafine bubble generating apparatus that generates ultrafine bubbles by generating film boiling by causing a heater provided in a liquid to generate heat, the ultrafine bubble generating apparatus including: an element substrate including a first heater that generates the film boiling in the liquid and a second heater that is arranged adjacent to the first heater, in which the first heater and the second heater are driven in different timings.

A method and apparatus for producing chlorine gas whereby a nanobubble generator introduces nanobubbles at a concentration of at least 10.sup.6 nanobubbles per cm.sup.3 into an electrolytic cell comprising a pair of electrodes and a chlorine-containing, electrolyzable liquid, and the electrolytic cell is operated to produce chlorine gas.

A method and apparatus for producing chlorine gas whereby a nanobubble generator introduces nanobubbles at a concentration of at least 10.sup.6 nanobubbles per cm.sup.3 into an electrolytic cell comprising a pair of electrodes and a chlorine-containing, electrolyzable liquid, and the electrolytic cell is operated to produce chlorine gas.

A microbubble generator is formed from at least two of a flow path constituting section that constitutes a flow path through which a liquid is passable, and a decompression member including a colliding section that is fitted into the flow path constituting section and locally reduces a cross-sectional area of the flow path to generate microbubbles in the liquid that passes through the flow path. This microbubble generator includes an outlet connecting to a negative pressure producing section of the decompression member, an outside air introduction port provided in the flow path constituting section to introduce outside air, and an outside air introduction path communicating between the outside air introduction port and the outlet.

The present invention discloses an apparatus and a method for extracting a component in a solid by using nano-bubbles, the apparatus including a reaction container configured to hold a solid to be extracted, a nano-bubble generating device configured to generate a liquid containing nano-bubbles, and an energy generator, wherein the liquid containing nano-bubbles is used to be mixed with the solid to be extracted, and the energy generator is used to emit energy to the reaction container to burst the nano-bubbles and enhance the extraction effect of the solid in the liquid.

A nanobubble nozzle includes a body; an inlet for receiving a liquid; an outlet for discharging the liquid with nanobubbles; a forward channel extending through the body from the inlet to the outlet for transmitting the liquid, the forward channel having a venturi throat; a return channel extending from the outlet to recirculate a portion of the liquid and mix it with a gas to form a two-phase mixture; and an inlet port connecting the return channel to the venturi throat. The liquid flow through the throat creates a suction drawing the two-phase mixture into the throat. A cross-sectional area of the forward channel decreases from the inlet to the throat and increases from the throat to the outlet so that an internal pressure lower than an external pressure outside the body and lower than a vapor pressure of the liquid flowing through the throat is provided at the throat.

A nanobubble nozzle includes a body; an inlet for receiving a liquid; an outlet for discharging the liquid with nanobubbles; a forward channel extending through the body from the inlet to the outlet for transmitting the liquid, the forward channel having a venturi throat; a return channel extending from the outlet to recirculate a portion of the liquid and mix it with a gas to form a two-phase mixture; and an inlet port connecting the return channel to the venturi throat. The liquid flow through the throat creates a suction drawing the two-phase mixture into the throat. A cross-sectional area of the forward channel decreases from the inlet to the throat and increases from the throat to the outlet so that an internal pressure lower than an external pressure outside the body and lower than a vapor pressure of the liquid flowing through the throat is provided at the throat.

A method and system for water body algae control are provided. The method for water body algae control may include the steps of: withdrawing water from the water body; infusing a gas containing oxygen and/or ozone into the withdrawn water by generating nanobubbles of the gas within the water; and returning the infused water into the water body. The water body algae control system may include a nanobubble generator that may be configured to receive water that is withdrawn from a water body. An oxygen concentrator and an air compressor may be configured to provide a gas containing oxygen to the nanobubble generator and/or to an ozone generator, in which the nanobubble generator is configured to disperse nanobubbles of the gas containing oxygen and/or ozone into the water, and in which the nanobubble containing water is then directed back into the water body.

An ultra-fine bubble generating unit and an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus. Provided is an ultra-fine bubble generating unit and an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus capable of maintaining stable UFB generation efficiency and generating a high-quality UFB-containing liquid with less variation. To this end, the number of heating elements arrayed along a direction of a liquid flowing over the heating elements (arrow F1 direction) is n1, and the number of the heating elements arrayed to cross the arrow F1 direction is n2. In this case, a heating element substrate of a UFB generating unit in the present embodiment has a configuration in which a relationship of n1<n2 is satisfied.

An ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid generating apparatus (UFB-containing liquid generating apparatus) includes a dissolving unit that generates a gas dissolving liquid and an ultra-fine bubble generating unit that generates ultra-fine bubbles in the gas dissolving liquid. Additionally, the UFB-containing liquid generating apparatus includes a temperature controlling unit that controls at least one of temperatures of the dissolving unit and the ultra-fine bubble generating unit such that the temperature of the ultra-fine bubble generating unit is equal to or lower than the temperature of the dissolving unit.