The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for preparing an oligomer, including: a reactor receiving a monomer stream and performing an oligomerization reaction to prepare a reaction product; a product discharge line for transferring a reaction product stream discharged from the reactor; and a bubble catcher provided in any area of the product discharge line to remove bubbles contained in the reaction product stream.

A computer implemented method for determining at least one target parameter set for a flow chemistry setup (110) for flow chemistry in slugs is disclosed. The method is a self-learning method. The method comprises the following steps: a) determining at least one process variable by using at least one sensor (122) of a flow chemistry setup (110); b) training of at least one machine-learning model (126) based on the process variable; c) determining the target parameter set by applying an optimizing algorithm in terms of at least one optimization target on the trained machine-learning model (126); d) providing the determined target parameter set and/or considering the determined target parameter set for evaluating a flow chemistry setup (110) and/or for evaluating at least one flow chemistry product.

System and methods for plasma treatment of a fluidized bed of particles are disclosed. The systems include an energy coupling zone configured to generate a plasma from microwave radiation and an interface element configured to propagate the plasma from the energy coupling zone to a reaction zone. The reaction zone is configured to receive the plasma, receive a plurality of reactant particles in a fluidization plane direction from a fluidization assembly positioned below the reaction zone, and form a product in presence of the plasma. The fluidization plane is substantially perpendicular to the propagated plasma.

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel (1, 1′), having a lower part (20) and the lid (24) which can be locked to one another, in order, in the state in which they are locked to one another, to surround a reaction chamber (22) on all sides as a pressure space for initiating and/or promoting chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of samples (P) which are received in the reaction chamber (22), and a fluid inlet (FE) with a check valve (4) for feeding a fluid into the reaction chamber (22), the check valve (4) extending at least partially in the lid (24).

A test system comprising a reactor having a fluid circuit and a test zone for an item under test. A plurality of control zones are included in the fluid circuit for controlling parameters of the fluid in accordance with control information. A control system receives input data specifying test values for the fluid parameters, predicts the behaviour of the fluid using the input data and a mathematical model of the reactor, calculates control information based on the predicted fluid behaviour, and communicates the control information to the control zones. The system can simulate transient test conditions by selective use of fluid evacuation and dilution, and by use of temperature and flow bypass circuits.

A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in.sup.−1 to 5 in.sup.−1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr.sup.−1)(gal.sup.−1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr.sup.−1)(gal.sup.−1).

A microwave-based thermal coupling chemical looping gasification method and device. The device includes: a microwave radiation cavity; a loading recess of a microwave absorbing material; and a quartz pipe reaction cavity between the microwave radiation cavity and the loading recess of a microwave absorbing material. A microwave generator consisting of magnetrons is provided at a central portion of the microwave radiation cavity and below the loading recess. An infrared temperature-measuring probe group is arranged at two ends of the magnetrons. Two ends of the microwave radiation cavity are connected to a first and second three-way valves, in communication with the ambient atmosphere and a protection gas charging device. A protection gas cooling device and a protection gas circulating fan are sequentially connected in series on a pipeline between the valves.

A method for executing multiple chemical programs in parallel in an array of chemical reactors using a single array of substance containers may be provided. The method includes receiving a plurality of chemical programs, building a plurality of records comprising each a chemical program. Thereby, each record includes a key and a data field, wherein the key is indicative of the reactants required for the respective chemical reaction, and wherein the data field includes the chemical program. The method further includes creating an ordered data structure of the data records based on the keys, selecting a next record from the ordered data structure, assigning the selected next record to selected ones of the array of chemical reactors, repeating the steps of selecting and assigning until, as a maximum, each chemical reactor has a defined record assigned to it, and executing the chemical programs according to their defined records in parallel.

Described herein is a continuous process for producing polyurethane prepolymers in a residence time reactor with plug flow. Also described herein is a method of using these prepolymers for producing polyurethanes.

Systems and methods for determining an operating condition of a chemical production plant including at least one catalytic reactor are provided. Via a communication interface operating data and a catalyst age indicator are received (10). At least one target operating parameter for the operating condition of a scheduled production run or a current production run are determined (14). The at least one target operating parameter for the operating condition may be used for monitoring and/or controlling the chemical production plant.