Parallel reactor systems for synthesizing materials are disclosed. The reactor systems may include at least two reaction vessels and may be suitable for synthesizing materials produced from corrosive reagents, for example, Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Antechambers may be provided above the reaction vessels to help purge vapors produced by the corrosive reagents. Methods for preparing materials by use of such parallel reactor systems are also disclosed.

The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for fully automated iterative polymer synthesis at a large scale.

An organic carbonisation system (OCS) and method therefor that includes a reactor vessel, a circulation fan, a separator, and a gas heating system arranged in a pressurised heating circuit filled with heating gas. The heating gas heats a feed of waste organic matter in a pressurised oxygen deficient environment in the reactor vessel under conditions for its carbonisation. The OCs further includes a separator and a cooling system for cooling carbonised organic waste from the reactor vessel.

A modular reactor device has an outer housing, a reaction chamber, a fluid pathway connected to the reaction chamber, and a valve to control flow of fluid within the device. The outer housing has a plurality of connection ports including: a fluid input and a fluid output; an electrical input; and a pneumatic input. Either the electrical input or the pneumatic input is connected to the valve to provide for control of the valve, and either the fluid input or the fluid output is connected to the reaction chamber or the fluid pathway. Other aspects provide a base station for receiving and controlling a modular reactor device and methods for manufacturing the modular reactor device and for performing reactions using a modular reactor device.

A divisible device and a method for sand production and sand control experiment for natural gas hydrate exploitation. The experimental device includes a reactor system, a feeding system, a separation and measurement system, a water-bath jacket system, a support and safety system, and a software recording and analyzing system. In the reactor system, the reactor units can be combined in different ways depending on the experimental conditions and purposes. The reactor units include: left/right reactor units, secondary reactor units, central reactor units, and caps. The combination of a left/right reactor unit with a cap gives a hydrate formation reactor without sand control screens. Combining the left/right reactor unit, secondary left/right reactor units and central reactor units with other accessories allows the reactor system to carry out the simulation experiments with either zero, one, or two view zones, and with either one or two wells.

Aspects of the present invention provide a modular reactor device having an outer housing, and a plurality of components contained within the outer housing, the components including: a reaction chamber; a fluid pathway connected to the reaction chamber; and a valve arranged to control flow of fluid within the device, wherein the outer housing has a plurality of connection ports providing connections from the exterior of the device to the interior, the connection ports including: a fluid input and a fluid output; an electrical input; and a pneumatic input; wherein either the electrical input or the pneumatic input is connected to the valve to provide for control of the valve, and either the fluid input or the fluid output is connected to the reaction chamber or the fluid pathway. Other aspects provide a base station for receiving and controlling a modular reactor device and methods for manufacturing the modular reactor device and for performing reactions using a modular reactor device.

The present disclosure relates to a method for replacing a catalyst of a reactor train of an operating hydroprocessing system comprising a plurality of reactor trains comprising a catalyst and each configured to receive a feed fluid and combine a portion of the feed fluid with a hydrogen stream over the catalyst to generate a hydrotreated fluid, the method comprising activating a valving system of the operating hydroprocessing system to disrupt operation of a select reactor train comprising a spent catalyst to form a disrupted reactor train while maintaining operation of at least one other reactor train; activating the gas processing system to form a decontaminated catalyst, removing the decontaminated catalyst from the disrupted reactor train to form a catalyst free reactor train; loading the catalyst free reactor train with a fresh catalyst to produce a charged reactor train; and restoring operation of the catalyst charged reactor train.

The invention relates to a container holder 10, comprising a main body 12 which in turn comprises a gas inlet 16; a solution liquid outlet 18; a gas control valve 20 through which a gas enters the container 100 from the gas inlet; and a sealing means 22 for the container, which sealing means includes a passageway 24 for the input of gas and output of a solution in the container via an egress tube 19; wherein when the container is connected to the container holder through the sealing means, the gas control valve opens automatically, and when the container is disconnected the gas control valve is closed automatically. The invention further relates to a container panel 50 which includes two or more container holders. Also disclosed are methods of using these containers and container panels for synthesizing a polypeptide.

A microreactor system that can mix fluids at precise timing has two inlets into which fluids are introduced and merges, in a channel, a first fluid introduced from a first inlet and a second fluid introduced from a second inlet, a first pump that sends the first fluid toward the inlets, and a second pump that sends the second fluid toward the inlets, a first fluid detector that detects an arrival of the first fluid at the first inlet, and a second fluid detector that detects an arrival of the second fluid at the second inlet.

A reaction cell for an automated peptide synthesizer consists of a body having a first reaction well in fluid communication with a second reaction well for simultaneous reactions. The first reaction well can be used for reagent pre-activation simultaneously with an amino acid addition in the second reaction well. When the addition reaction is complete and after a washing step the activated reagent is automatically transferred to the second reaction well for the next addition reaction without the necessity of a separate transfer step.