The present invention relates to a process for the polymerization of a polyolefin, preferably polypropylene, in a polymerization reactor by contacting one or more olefins, preferably propylene, with a catalyst system in said reactor while stirring, said catalyst system comprising: * a procatalyst comprising 1) a magnesium-containing support, 2) titanium, 3) a phthalate-free internal electron donor; and 4) optionally an activator; wherein said procatalyst is obtained by the following process: i) contacting a compound R.sup.4, MgX.sup.4.sub.2—, with an alkoxy- or aryloxy-containing silane compound to give a first intermediate reaction product, being a solid Mg(OR.sup.1).sub.xX.sup.1.sub.2-x, R.sup.4 is the same as R.sup.1 being a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl group independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkylaryl groups, and one or more combinations thereof; wherein said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, may contain one or more heteroatoms and preferably has between 1 and 20 carbon atoms; wherein X.sup.4 and X.sup.1 are each independently a halide; z is in a range of larger than 0 and smaller than 2, being 0<z<2; x is in a range of larger than 0 and smaller than 2, being 0<x<2; ii) optionally contacting the solid Mg(OR.sup.1).sub.xX.sup.1.sub.2-x obtained in step ii) with at least one activating compound selected from the group formed by activating electron donors and metal alkoxide compounds of formula M′(OR.sup.2), .sub.w(OR.sup.I).sub.w or M.sup.2 (OR.sup.2)v-.sub.w(R.sup.I).sub.w, to obtain a second intermediate product; wherein: M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Al or Si; v is the valency of M.sup.1; M.sup.2 is a metal being Si; v is the valency of M.sup.2; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a hydrocarbyl group; w is smaller than v, v is preferably 3 or 4; iii) contacting the first or second intermediate reaction product, obtained respectively in step i) or ii), with the halogen-containing Ti-compound, the internal electron donor and optionally an activator; * optionally an external electron donor; and * a co-catalyst, being a alkyl aluminum co-catalyst preferably having formula AlH.sub.nR.sub.3-n, wherein H is a hydride; n is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0; wherein R is a C1-C12 alkyl group, preferably ethyl; wherein a portion of the co-catalyst and optionally a portion of the external electron donor is (are) pre-contacted with the procatalyst prior to the addition of the catalyst system to the polymerization reactor. The present invention also relates to a polyolefin and a shaped article comprising said polyolefin.

A reactor includes: a heat exchange body including a heat medium channel through which the heat medium flows and a reaction channel through which the reaction fluid flows; at least one structured catalyst supporting a catalyst for promoting the reaction of the reaction fluid and removably installed in the reaction channel; and a holding member including an extending part extending in a direction conforming to an extending direction of the reaction channel and capable of engaging with the at least one structured catalyst, and regulating parts provided in the extending part to regulate a movement of the at least one structured catalyst in the extending direction of the extending part, wherein the holding member is inserted and removed with respect to the reaction channel while holding the structured catalyst.

The present invention relates to a process for the polymerization of a polyolefin, preferably polypropylene, in a polymerization reactor by contacting one or more olefins, preferably propylene, with a catalyst system in said reactor while stirring, said catalyst system comprising: a procatalyst comprising 1) a magnesium-containing support, 2) titanium, 3) a phthalate-free internal electron donor; and 4) optionally an activator; wherein said procatalyst is obtained by the following process: i) contacting a compound R.sup.4, MgX.sup.4.sub.2, with an alkoxy- or aryloxy-containing silane compound to give a first intermediate reaction product, being a solid Mg(OR.sup.1).sub.xX.sup.1.sub.2-x, R.sup.4 is the same as R.sup.1 being a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl group independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkylaryl groups, and one or more combinations thereof; wherein said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted, may contain one or more heteroatoms and preferably has between 1 and 20 carbon atoms; wherein X.sup.4 and X.sup.1 are each independently a halide; z is in a range of larger than 0 and smaller than 2, being 0<z<2; x is in a range of larger than 0 and smaller than 2, being 0<x<2; ii) optionally contacting the solid Mg(OR.sup.1).sub.xX.sup.1.sub.2-x obtained in step ii) with at least one activating compound selected from the group formed by activating electron donors and metal alkoxide compounds of formula M(OR.sup.2), .sub.w(OR.sup.I).sub.w or M.sup.2 (OR.sup.2)v-.sub.w(R.sup.I).sub.w, to obtain a second intermediate product; wherein: M.sup.1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Al or Si; v is the valency of M.sup.1; M.sup.2 is a metal being Si; v is the valency of M.sup.2; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a hydrocarbyl group; w is smaller than v, v is preferably 3 or 4; iii) contacting the first or second intermediate reaction product, obtained respectively in step i) or ii), with the halogen-containing Ti-compound, the internal electron donor and optionally an activator; optionally an external electron donor; and a co-catalyst, being a alkyl aluminum co-catalyst preferably having formula AlH.sub.nR.sub.3-n, wherein H is a hydride; n is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0; wherein R is a C1-C12 alkyl group, preferably ethyl; wherein a portion of the co-catalyst and optionally a portion of the external electron donor is (are) pre-contacted with the procatalyst prior to the addition of the catalyst system to the polymerization reactor. The present invention also relates to a polyolefin and a shaped article comprising said polyolefin.

A reactor includes: a heat exchange body including a heat medium channel through which the heat medium flows and a reaction channel through which the reaction fluid flows; at least one structured catalyst supporting a catalyst for promoting the reaction of the reaction fluid and removably installed in the reaction channel; and a holding member including an extending part extending in a direction conforming to an extending direction of the reaction channel and capable of engaging with the at least one structured catalyst, and regulating parts provided in the extending part to regulate a movement of the at least one structured catalyst in the extending direction of the extending part, wherein the holding member is inserted and removed with respect to the reaction channel while holding the structured catalyst.

The present invention is directed to piezo photocatalytic process for the production of hydrogen from water, wherein the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing non-metal-doped barium titanate which includes at least one defect; (b) contacting the non-metal-doped barium titanate provided in step (a) with water to form a mixture; and (c) subjecting the mixture formed in step (b) to: (i) actinic radiation; and (ii) mechanical force, to produce hydrogen from the water, as well as non-metal-doped barium titanate and methods of production thereof.