The present disclosure discloses a simple preparation method of green acid-modified cyclodextrin, belonging to the field of cyclodextrin modification. Cyclodextrin and succinic acid are mutually modified by an esterification reaction in the presence of catalyst, and acid-modified cyclodextrin with different modification degrees is obtained by controlling reaction time at a high temperature or under a microwave action. The prepared modified cyclodextrin does not involve the use of toxic and harmful reagents, the modification reaction is simple, green and controllable, and the loading capacity of the modified cyclodextrin to guest molecules is remarkably improved compared with the loading capacity of the original cyclodextrin, so that the modified cyclodextrin has great application potential in the health fields such as food, medicines, and cosmetics.

Provided are self-binding suspensions and coated substrates prepared using self-binding suspensions. Also provided are methods of preparing self-binding suspensions. Methods may include preparing a binder solution; preparing a titanium dioxide-zinc oxide suspension using ultrasonication; mixing the binder solution with the titanium dioxide-zinc oxide suspension and a surfactant to form a self-binding suspension composition; and coating a glass substrate with the self-binding suspension composition to form a coated glass substrate.

Disclosed herein are processes of making furan-based polyamides using solvent-free melt condensation of a diamine and an ester derivative of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with a C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 aliphatic diol or a polyol. The processes comprise a) forming a reaction mixture by mixing one or more diamines, a diester comprising an ester derivative of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with a C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 aliphatic diol or a polyol, and a catalyst, such that the diamine is present in an excess amount of at least 1 mol % with respect to the diester amount; and b) melt polycondensing the reaction mixture in the absence of a solvent at a temperature in the range of 60° C. to a maximum temperature of 250° C. under an inert atmosphere, while removing alkyl alcohol to form a furan-based polyamide, wherein the one or more diamines comprises an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine, or an alkylaromatic diamine.

Provided is a method for generating hydrogen at a desired rate, using a hydrogen storage material that can be stored and transported safely and inexpensively. The method according to the present invention for producing a silanol compound and hydrogen includes subjecting a hydrosilane compound and water to a reaction with each other in the presence of a solid catalyst to give a silanol compound and hydrogen. The solid catalyst includes hydroxyapatite and gold particles supported on the hydroxyapatite, where the gold particles have an average particle size of 2.5 nm or less. The reaction in the method according to the present invention for producing a silanol compound and hydrogen is preferably performed in an air atmosphere. The reaction in the method according to the present invention for producing a silanol compound and hydrogen can be performed with application of substantially no heat and no activated energy rays.

This invention is related to the synthesis of organic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides. It is particularly focused on the production of propylene cyclic carbonate from propylene oxide. The proposed catalytic materials includes a support made of aluminum oxyhydroxide (Catapal B®), nitric acid, acetic acid and/or phosphoric acid. An important stage is the physical and chemical conditioning of the catalytic materials and to this end, experimental methodologies such as spheronization and thermal treatments were implemented prior the evaluation process.

The invention provides a polycondensation catalyst for producing polyester by an esterification reaction or a transesterification reaction of a dicarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof and a glycol, wherein the polycondensation catalyst comprises particles of a water-insoluble or hardly water-soluble phosphate having on the surfaces a coating layer of titanic acid in an amount, of 0.1 to 100 parts by weight in terms of TiO.sub.2 per 100 parts by weight of the phosphate.

A method of removing CO from a mixture of CO and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons CO to CO.sub.2 is provided. In one embodiment, the method is to contact feed stream with an oxygen transfer agent; and then oxidize at least a portion of the CO to CO.sub.2 to produce a stream enriched in CO.sub.2. The saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons in the feed are not further oxidized during the oxidation. The oxygen transfer agent includes at least one of: i) water; ii) at least one reducible metal oxide; iii) at least one reducible chalcogen; or mixtures thereof. In another embodiment, the CO is converted to methane. The unsaturated hydrocarbons in the feed are not hydrogenated. In both of these alternatives, the CO.sub.2 or methane are then removed. Systems for removing the CO are also provided.

A process for producing functionalized organic molecules having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The method includes the step of contacting carbon dioxide as the only gas, or a gas mixture that includes carbon dioxide and methane, in the presence of water, with a catalyst that includes permanently polarized hydroxyapatite.

A method for preparing a catalyst for a dehydration reaction of 3-hydroxypropionic acid, the catalyst for dehydration reaction of 3-hydroxypropionic acid, and a method for producing acrylic acid using the same.

The present invention relates to the use of haloapatites as catalysts of the dehydration reaction of α-hydroxylated carboxylic acids or acid esters, in particular of lactic acid or of methyl lactate, and also to a process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid esters, in particular acrylic acid or methyl acrylate, in the gas phase in a stainless steel reactor, in the presence of such a catalyst.