The present invention provides a method for casting a slab having a good cast surface. The method includes heating the surface of molten metal on a metal inlet side of a mold by a first heat source so that the following formulas: q≧0.87 and c≦11.762q+0.3095 are satisfied where c is a cycle time [sec] of turning movement of the first heat source, and q is an average amount of heat input [MW/m.sup.2] determined by accumulating an amount of heat input applied by at least the first heat source to the contact region between the upper surface of the slab on the metal inlet side and the mold, along the path of turning movement of the first heat source, and dividing the resultant accumulated value by the cycle time c.

It is intended to provide a flat immersion nozzle capable of stabilizing a molten steel discharge flow to stabilize an in-mold bath surface, i.e., reduce the fluctuation of the in-mold bath surface. Provided is an immersion nozzle having a flat portion whose inner bore has a thickness and a width greater than the thickness, wherein two lateral protrusions each protruding in a thickness direction are provided on each of opposed walls of the flat portion extending in a width direction. The lateral protrusions are arranged at axial symmetrical positions with respect to a longitudinal central axis of the width-directionally extending walls, in pairs, such that each of them extends obliquely downwardly in the width direction, wherein two pairs of the lateral protrusions are arranged, respectively, on the opposed width-directionally extending walls, in opposed relation.

A semi-continuous casting equipment for thin-walled alloy castings with equal outer diameter, optimized by synergistic action of traveling magnetic fields and ultrasonic wave, includes: a melting and insulation device, a heat insulation panel, a traveling magnetic field generator and a water-cooled crystallizer sequentially positioned on a working platform; an outer mold positioned on the water-cooled crystallizer and sleeved the traveling magnetic field generator; a mold core inside the outer mold defining a casting cavity; a bottom plate below the mold core capable of sliding against and along an inner side of the outer mold; two position control units supported by the working platform; an ultrasonic limit baffle moveably engaged with the position control units; an ultrasonic wave generator affixed on the ultrasonic limit baffle and extended to the casting cavity; a motion system controlling up and down movement of the bottom plate and the position control units through a gear transmission mechanism.

The present disclosure discloses a method for producing high strength hot rolled steel. The method includes casting a steel slab of a composition, comprising in weight %: carbon (C) of about 0.45 wt. %-1.2 wt. %, manganese (Mn) of about 0.0-1.0 wt. %, silicon (Si) of about 0.0-0.5 wt. %, niobium (Nb) up-to 0.03 wt. %, sulphur (S) up-to 0.05 wt. % of S, phosphorous (P) up-to 0.05 wt. %, nitrogen (N) 0.002 wt. %-0.012 wt. % and balance being Iron (Fe) optionally along with incidental elements. The method also involves, heating, hot rolling, cooling, coiling the steel and retaining the steel at an ambient temperature to produce high strength hot rolled steel with 75-95% spheroid microstructure and 5-25% pearlite microstructure.

Method to obtain a continuous casting apparatus to cast, through the casting cavity of a crystallizer of a mold, a cast product with a polygonal cross section.

The invention relates to an ingot mold for continuous casting of metals, of the type consisting of an assembly of metal plates backed by cooling devices configured to allow the cooling of the metal plates by the circulation of a cooling fluid, comprising: a) at least one optical fiber, having a plurality of Bragg filters, extending in a wall of at least one of the plates, b) at least one groove formed in a wall of at least one of the plates, in a direction that is not parallel to the casting axis of the ingot mould in at least one portion of the length, the optical fiber extending in the groove, and c) a tongue of shape substantially complementary to the groove closing the groove over its entire length, the groove and the tongue having a shape suitable for the passage of the optical fiber.

A mold plate has a casting side and a rear side remote from the casting side and includes a cooling channel which is open with respect to the rear side 3 and is arranged in the rear side. An insert is arranged in the cooling channel to reduce a flow cross-section of the cooling channel. The insert is fastened to the mold plate in a pivotally movable manner so that the insert can be pivoted from a closed position into an open position.

A mold plate has a casting side and a rear side remote from the casting side and includes a cooling channel which is open with respect to the rear side 3 and is arranged in the rear side. An insert is arranged in the cooling channel to reduce a flow cross-section of the cooling channel. The insert is fastened to the mold plate in a pivotally movable manner so that the insert can be pivoted from a closed position into an open position.

The invention relates to a casting-rolling system (1) for generating a thin or ultra-thin band from a cast thin slab made of steel in batch or continuous operation, comprising at least one casting system (2a, 2b) for casting a thin slab with a casting thickness from 90 mm to 150 mm, preferably from 90 mm to 140 mm, particularly preferably from 100 mm to 130 mm, and a casting width of at least 600 mm, preferably at least 1000 mm, at least one continuous furnace (7a, 7b) arranged downstream of the at least one casting system (2a, 2b), as well as at least 7, preferably 8 roll stands (9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20) arranged downstream of the continuous furnace (7a, 7b), wherein the at least one casting system (2a, 2b) comprises a casting mould (3a, 3b) with long sides spaced apart from one another by at least 90 mm to 150 mm, preferably 90 mm to 140 mm, particularly preferably 100 mm to 130 mm, and wherein the casting-rolling system (1) has no induction heater for reheating the cast thin slab and/or the rolled band. The invention also relates to a method for generating a thin or ultra-thin band, preferably by means of a casting-rolling system (1) of this type, wherein the thin slab and/or the band does not undergo any induction heating during the method for generating the thin or ultra-thin band.

A semi-continuous casting equipment for thin-walled alloy castings with equal outer diameter, optimized by synergistic action of traveling magnetic fields and ultrasonic wave, includes: a melting and insulation device, a heat insulation panel, a traveling magnetic field generator and a water-cooled crystallizer sequentially positioned on a working platform; an outer mold positioned on the water-cooled crystallizer and sleeved the traveling magnetic field generator; a mold core inside the outer mold defining a casting cavity; a bottom plate below the mold core capable of sliding against and along an inner side of the outer mold; two position control units supported by the working platform; an ultrasonic limit baffle moveably engaged with the position control units; an ultrasonic wave generator affixed on the ultrasonic limit baffle and extended to the casting cavity; a motion system controlling up and down movement of the bottom plate and the position control units through a gear transmission mechanism.