Disclosed is a vehicle strut insulator that includes first and second bushes (100 and 200) having different hardness characteristics. The first bush (100) having a relatively high hardness is disposed in a left-right direction of a vehicle that affects the handling performance, and the second bush (200) having a relatively low hardness is disposed in a forward-backward direction of the vehicle that affects the ride comfort. Accordingly, the vehicle strut insulator can satisfy both requirements for handling performance, ride comfort and road noise performance.

A top mount assembly includes an insulator comprising an upper plate, a lower plate, and a rubber bushing accommodated in an accommodation space defined between the upper plate and the lower plate; and a strut bearing comprising an upper housing, a lower housing, and a bearing interposed between the upper housing and the lower housing and configured to rotate the lower housing relative to the upper housing. The upper housing of the strut bearing may comprise an insulator mounting part formed on an upper portion of the upper housing and on which the insulator is mounted, the insulator mounting part may comprise a lower plate mounting part on which the lower plate of the insulator is mounted and an upper plate supporting part formed outside the lower plate mounting part, and the upper plate support part may be configured to support a lower surface of the upper plate.

A shock absorber for a vehicle includes a damper tube defining a valving piston chamber that contains a hydraulic fluid. The shock absorber further includes a piston rod extending within the damper tube along a first longitudinal axis, and a valving piston assembly slidably fitted in the damper tube. The shock absorber further includes a seat tube disposed in fluid communication with the valving piston chamber and defining a seat piston chamber therein. The shock absorber further includes a seat piston slidably fitted at least partially in the seat tube. The seat piston is configured to move along a second longitudinal axis relative to the seat tube based on a pressure of the hydraulic fluid within the seat tube.

Annular joint surfaces of a lower case of a strut bearing device respectively have case-side projections that project in an axial direction. Shapes A of the case-side projections, seen in an axial direction, continue in a circumferential direction, and vary their position in a radial direction along the circumferential direction. An inner-diameter side seal has a seal-side recess fitted to the case-side projection. An outer-diameter side seal has a seal-side recess fitted to the case-side projection.

A shock absorber includes a first end fitting connected to a first telescoping member, a second end fitting connected to a second telescoping member, the first and second telescoping members being telescopically mounted relative to each other. An elastomeric spring/damper is disposed between the first telescoping member and the second telescoping member.

A suspension system for a vehicle is disclosed. In some embodiments, the suspension system includes a wheel arch. In some embodiments, a wheel arch includes a gear track. In some embodiments, a wheel axle is coupled to a first and a second end of the wheel arch. In some embodiments, a steradian shaped wheel is mounted on the wheel axle. In some embodiments, a motor frame is coupled to a chassis of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the motor frame includes a lean motor configured to engage with the gear track. In some embodiments, actuation of the lean motor causes the wheel arch to rotate along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle to create a change in a camber angle of the wheel.

A wheeled vehicle includes a vehicle body, a vibration absorbing element, an auxiliary arm, a wheel, and a driving member. The vibration absorbing element includes a first end and a second end. The first end is fixed to the vehicle body. The auxiliary arm includes a connecting end and a free end. The connecting end is connected to the vehicle body. The free end is configured to swing relative to the connecting end. The free end is fixed to the second end. The wheel includes an axle, and the axle is rotationally connected to the free end. The driving member is fixed to the vehicle body and configured to drive the wheel.

A utility vehicle includes a frame, a first ground-engaging element coupled to a first portion of the frame, a second ground-engaging element coupled to a second portion of the frame, an operator platform supported by the frame, and a suspension system coupled between the operator platform and the frame to accommodate motion of the frame relative to the operator platform. The suspension system includes a first linkage assembly coupled to the operator platform and operable to accommodate motion of the second portion of the frame relative to the operator platform and a second linkage assembly having a first end coupled to the frame to secure the suspension system to the frame and a second end coupled to the first linkage assembly. The second linkage assembly being operable independent of the first linkage assembly to accommodate motion of the first portion of the frame relative to the operator platform.

An efficient method for producing spring strut forks for motor vehicles is presented. In each case two spring strut forks are produced from a metallic extruded profile as a starting product. The extruded profile has a central, middle main chamber and four longitudinal chambers which are arranged offset with respect to one another over the circumference of the main chamber. Wall portions of the main chamber which are situated between the longitudinal chambers are removed, and the extruded profile is severed into two semifinished parts. Each semifinished part has one cylinder portion and two oppositely situated arm portions which project relative to the cylinder portions. The semifinished parts are subsequently mechanically machined, and one spring strut fork is produced from each semifinished part.

An electrically powered suspension system includes: an electromagnetic actuator; an information acquisition unit configured to acquire time-series information related to stroke position of the electromagnetic actuator, information on stroke velocity, and an amount of change in stroke of the electromagnetic actuator and information on a stroke direction based on the time-series information; a damping force calculation unit configured to calculate target damping force based on the information on the stroke velocity; and a drive control unit configured to control driving of the electromagnetic actuator using target driving force obtained based on the target damping force. The damping force calculation unit calculates equivalent friction compensation force based on the amount of change in the stroke and the information on the stroke direction, and corrects the target damping force based on the calculated equivalent friction compensation force. The equivalent friction compensation force has elastic force component and dynamic friction force component.