The reaction force output device includes a drive source configured to output power to an operation portion in a direction opposite to an operating direction thereof; and a clutch mechanism interposed between the operation portion and the drive source and configured to connect and disconnect transmission of the power to the operation portion, wherein the clutch mechanism includes a first rotating body connected to the drive source side and to which the power of the drive source is transmitted, a second rotating body connected to the operation portion side, disposed coaxially with the first rotating body and configured to be relatively rotatable with respect to the first rotating body, a clutch lever rotatably supported by the first rotating body, and a plurality of engagement portions disposed at the second rotating body in a circumferential direction thereof and engaged with the clutch lever.

A powertrain apparatus includes a motor connected to an input shaft, a first planetary gear train, which is disposed to be coaxial with the motor and which includes a first rotation element, a second rotation element, and a third rotation element, a second planetary gear train, which is disposed to be coaxial with the first planetary gear train and which includes a fourth rotation element, a fifth rotation element, a sixth rotation element, and a step pinion, and a differential gear, which is disposed to be coaxial with the second planetary gear train.

An electric powertrain includes a first electric motor that has an uninterrupted connection with a drive shaft of a vehicle. The electric powertrain further includes a second electric motor that has an interruptible connection with the drive shaft. In one form, this interruptible connection includes a clutch. The electric powertrain further includes a first gear train in the form of a first planetary gear and a second gear train in the form of a second planetary gear. To provide a compact configuration, the first electric motor and second electric motor are arranged in a centerline orientation with the drive shaft.

Non-limiting examples of the present disclosure relate to generation and implementation of a new security protocol that is used to secure common data access transactions across distributed network examples. An exemplary proof of verification protocol is disclosed that implements consensus security mechanisms across a plurality of distributed nodes, which may be utilized to validate owners of data in common data access transactions. Extending principles of blockchain security to common data access transactions and Internet of Things (IoT) networking requires a solution that: improves speed in transactional processing; reduces computational complexity; and presents efficient, secure and repeatable validation for owners of data in distributed networking environments. An exemplary proof of verification protocol provides such technical advantages by validating both user-specific data for a subscriber of an application/service and session data for user activity (past and present) within the application/service.

An electric powertrain includes a first electric motor that has an uninterrupted connection with a drive shaft of a vehicle. The electric powertrain further includes a first gear train that has an interruptible connection with the drive shaft. In one form, this interruptible connection includes a second carrier and a clutch engagement member. The electric powertrain further includes a sun gear in the form of a ring gear and planet gears in the form of a first output shaft. To provide a compact configuration, the first electric motor and the first gear train are sandwiched between the sun gear and the planet gears.

A motor vehicle, including a drivable front axle, a drivable rear axle, an internal combustion engine, an automatic transmission coupled thereto, and a switchable torque distribution unit which is coupled to the automatic transmission and enables all-wheel drive, which torque distribution unit is coupled to the front axle and the rear axle. A torque generated by the internal combustion engine can be directed from the torque distribution unit either to the front or rear axle or distributed to both axles. An electric machine is provided which is coupled to the rear axle. A torque generated by the electric machine which is provided to the rear axle is provided to the torque distribution unit via the coupling and can also be provided from this torque distribution unit to the front axle.

A drive unit is disclosed. The drive unit includes a first drive source, a first torque converter, a second drive source, a second torque converter, and a transmission. A torque is inputted from the first drive source to the first torque converter. The first torque converter includes a first turbine. A torque is inputted from the second drive source to the second torque converter. The second torque converter includes a second turbine. The second turbine is coupled to the first turbine. The transmission is disposed between a drive wheel and both the first and second torque converters.

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for operating vehicular accessories during an engine stop using a one-way clutch pulley, the apparatus including the one-way clutch pulley configured to drive the vehicular accessories, and including a coupler and a one-way clutch. The one-way clutch pulley includes an engine crank shaft configured to connect to an engine of a vehicle; the coupler configured to couple with the engine crank shaft; the one-way clutch configured to couple with the coupler; and a pulley configured to connect to the one-way clutch, and the one-way clutch is configured to connect to the pulley and to rotate in one direction.

A transport refrigeration system includes a transportation refrigeration unit; an energy storage device configured to provide electrical power to the transportation refrigeration unit; and an electric generation device 340 operably connected through a mechanical interface 370 to at least one of a wheel 364 of the transport refrigeration system and a wheel axle 365 of the transport refrigeration system; the mechanical interface includes: a first clutch mechanism 371 operable to selectively engage the electric generation device with at least one of the wheel and the wheel axle to generate electrical power to charge the energy storage device; and a second clutch mechanism 372, the second clutch mechanism is an overrunning clutch configured to disengage the electric generation device from the wheel and/or the wheel axle when a rotational velocity of the electric generation device is greater than a rotational velocity of the wheel and/or the wheel axle.

Provided are an electric vehicle transmission including an improved one-way clutch.

An electric vehicle transmission includes a sun gear unit connected to a transmission motor, a plurality of planetary gear units connected to the sun gear unit, and a ring gear unit connected to the planetary gear units, and further includes a cage unit arranged to surround the plurality of planetary gear units at an inner side thereof, a housing unit arranged at an outer side of the cage unit and having a hollow therein, at least one guide unit arranged between the cage unit and the housing unit, and an adjustment unit configured to adjust a position of the cage unit with respect to the housing unit.