A glass container includes a glass body comprising an external surface, an internal surface opposite the external surface, a thickness T extending between the external surface and the internal surface, and an external surface layer extending from the external surface into the thickness of the glass body, wherein the external surface layer has a porosity greater than a porosity of a remainder of the glass body extending from the external surface layer to the internal surface.

A multi-layer beverage container includes a multi-layer wall having an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer. At least the inner layer is configured to flex inwards to accommodate a change in the sealed internal volume of the beverage container after a hot-filled beverage is filled inside the container and allowed to cool. The outer layer and inner layer delaminate from each other to accommodate this volume change, which allows the outer layer to retain its original shape. The middle layer functions to encourage delamination of the layers with respect to each other. A space corresponding to the volume change of the interior volume of the container is formed between the wall layers.

By providing a depressed portion 7 in a container main body 1a, forming a thick portion 5a in a covering layer 5 on an edge portion 7b of the depressed portion 7, and forming a thin portion 5b adjacent to the thick portion 5a in the covering layer 5 on a bottom surface 7a side of the depressed portion 7, when a synthetic resin container including a container main body molded into a predetermined container shape and a covering layer laminated on an outer peripheral surface side of the container main body is discarded, the container main body and the covering layer can be easily separated.

A method for manufacturing carbon fiber, the method includes: placing a carbon fiber as an anode in an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, or potassium nitrate; and performing a surface treatment, wherein a surface of the carbon fiber is oxidized by active oxygen generated by anodic electrolysis, and thereby oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced to the surface. The disclosure also provides a carbon fiber composite bottle, which includes a bottle body and a carbon fiber. The bottle body is a type III bottle or a type IV bottle. The carbon fiber surrounds the bottle body, the surface oxygen concentration of the carbon fiber is 5-35%, and the surface roughness of the carbon fiber is 5-25 nm.

A blow-molded bottle for a carbonated beverage includes a threaded mouth, a cylindrical side wall, a bottom, and a standard fill capacity of 37.5 mL to 105 mL. The bottle is blow-molded from a laminated preform including an outer layer formed from polyethylene terephthalate, an intermediate gas barrier layer formed from a polyamide comprising a dicarboxylic acid component and a diamine component comprising m-xylylenediamine, and an inner layer comprising polyethylene terephthalate. The laminated preform may weigh from about 4 to 16 grams. The polyamide layer provides the bottle with excellent resistance to carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen transmission and prevents the degradation of nutrients and flavors.

A synthetic resin container and method for manufacturing the same, including a container main body molded into a predetermined container shape and a covering layer laminated on an outer peripheral surface side of the container main body. The method includes heating the composite preform to bring the covering material layer into a molten state or a semi-molten state while softening the preform main body to be stretchable, subsequently molding the composite preform into a predetermined container shape by using a blow molding die in which an edge portion formed by providing a step on a cavity inner peripheral surface extends along a predetermined direction, and providing, in the covering material layer to be molded integrally with the preform main body, a thin portion molded by being brought into pressure contact with the edge portion.

Compositions of high molecular weight poly(hydroxy acid) polymer having good thermal stability and a weight average molecular weight of >100,000 by GPC. The compositions include one or more chain-terminator compounds/impurities which may be incorporated into the polymer and rendered harmless by the presence of appropriate amounts of bi-functional and multi-functional polymerization initiators. A process including first mixing glycolic acid and/or lactic acid (with chain-terminators), and a diol or di-acid initiator, and at least one multifunctional initiator to form a liquid monomer mixture in an agitated polycondensation reactor. Next, polycondensing to form a liquid reaction mixture comprising a pre-polymer having a weight average molecular weight of >10,000 by GPC, and greater than 80% by mole hydroxyl or carboxyl end-group termination, then crystallizing to form a first solid reaction mixture. Then, solid state polycondensing the solid reaction mixture to form a solid reaction mixture having a moisture level less than 50 ppm by weight. Then, mixing the solid reaction mixture with an appropriate reactive coupling agent in a melting and mixing extruder to couple and form the reaction mixture and form the final poly(hydroxy acid) polymer.

A method of injection molding a test tube-shaped preform for biaxial stretch blow molding includes supplying a major material resin from outer and inner flow paths to a combined flow path for a predetermined time and rate. For a period of time within a range of the predetermined time period during which the major material resin is supplied, the intermediate layer resin is simultaneously supplied from the middle flow path to the combined flow path at a second predetermined supplying rate. A columnar laminated molten resin is injected into a cavity of a metal mold connected to a tip of the nozzle through a gate to fill the cavity, the columnar laminated molten resin being composed of the major material resin and the intermediate layer resin formed in the major material resin in a laminated manner that are combined into a columnar shape at the combined flow path.

Provided is a double-walled container (1), which includes an outer layer body (2) and an inner layer body (3). A single adhesive strip (4) is disposed between the outer layer body (2) and the inner layer body (3) in a manner such that the adhesive strip (4) extends along a center axis (C). The outer layer body (2) is provided with a single ambient air introduction hole (2d). The outer layer body (2) includes an inner surface, which is configured by a separation surface (2f) and a pseudo-adhesive surface (2g). The separation surface (2f) faces the ambient air introduction hole (2d) and is separated from an outer surface of the inner layer body (3), and the pseudo-adhesive surface (2g) faces the separation surface (2f) and is separably adhered to the outer surface of the inner layer body (3).

A container with a shell and lining within its interior is provided. The shell and/or lining can be fabricated from a biodegradable, recyclable, and/or compostable material. The lining can be configured as a parison, a preform, and/or other mass that is capable of being expanded. The lining can be inserted within a cavity of the shell and caused to expand to form an expanded state. The lining, in the expanded state, may be used as a barrier, preventing beverage that is inserted into the container from making contact with the shell. The lining, in the expanded state, may be configured to maintain contact with an inner surface of the shell so as to provide adequate shock absorption. The lining can be a thin film, providing an overall thinner construction and/or an overall lighter construction can be used to fabricate the container.