An energy carrier system is provided that produces ammonia with high efficiency and that further produces hydrogen as final product and uses the hydrogen as energy. An energy storage transportation method is further provided that is carried out by using energy carrier system. The energy carrier system includes nitric acid production device, an ammonia production device, and hydrogen production device. The nitric acid production device includes a photo-reactor, a gas supply unit that supplies photo-reactor with gas to be treated containing a nitrogen oxide, water, and oxygen, and light source disposed in the photo-reactor. The light source radiates light including ultraviolet of a wavelength shorter than 175 nm. The energy storage transportation method includes nitric acid production step of producing nitric acid from a nitrogen oxide, ammonia production step of producing ammonia through reduction of nitric acid, and hydrogen production step of producing hydrogen through decomposition of the ammonia.

A microwave-plasma system for generating fixed-nitrogen products comprises a microwave generator operably coupled with a gas chamber where the microwave generator provides microwave power to the gas chamber. The system further includes a source of gas, which may be for example oxygen, nitrogen and/or air, operably coupled with the plasma chamber. The microwave power produces a plasma of the gas within the chamber. The system further includes an absorber unit fluidically connected to the gas chamber to capture product from the plasma in the gas chamber. The captured product may include fixed nitrogen gaseous products.

A microwave-plasma system for generating fixed-nitrogen products comprises a microwave generator operably coupled with a gas chamber where the microwave generator provides microwave power to the gas chamber. The system further includes a source of gas, which may be for example oxygen, nitrogen and/or air, operably coupled with the plasma chamber. The microwave power produces a plasma of the gas within the chamber. The system further includes an absorber unit fluidically connected to the gas chamber to capture product from the plasma in the gas chamber. The captured product may include fixed nitrogen gaseous products.

The present invention relates to a process suitable for reducing ammonia loss and odor from organic material to the atmosphere. The process comprises feeding air to a plasma generator to produce a concentration of 0.1-12% by volume of NOx in the air by direct nitrogen fixation. Cooled air containing NOx from the plasma generator is fed to an absorption system comprising at least two absorption loops, wherein a first absorption liquid is circulating in the first absorption loop and a second absorption liquid is circulating in the second absorption loop. The air containing NOx is absorbed into the first absorption liquid to form an acidic solution comprising nitrates and nitrites. Off gases containing NO from the first absorption loop is fed to the second absorption loop, and the off gases containing NO are absorbed into the second absorption liquid having a lower pH.

A process for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia, comprising: passing an ammonia-containing gas, in the presence of oxygen, over a catalyst contained in a reactor, obtaining a process gas containing nitrogen oxides, and cooling said process gas with a heat exchanger accommodated in the reactor, wherein a portion of said process gas, located in the shell side, bypasses the heat exchanger and forms a hot current which mixes with cooled gas downstream the heat exchanger, and the bypass is regulated on the basis of a target outlet temperature of the mixed process gas.

A process for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia, comprising: passing an ammonia-containing gas, in the presence of oxygen, over a catalyst contained in a reactor, obtaining a process gas containing nitrogen oxides, and cooling said process gas with a heat exchanger accommodated in the reactor, wherein a portion of said process gas, located in the shell side, bypasses the heat exchanger and forms a hot current which mixes with cooled gas downstream the heat exchanger, and the bypass is regulated on the basis of a target outlet temperature of the mixed process gas.

This nitrogen recovery method is for causing nitrifying bacteria to decompose an ammonia component in an ammonia-containing gas, and recovering a nitrogen component contained in ammonia as an ammonia gas decomposition product, involving: supplying circulating water to a microorganism decomposition tank retaining a nitrifying bacterium carrier carrying nitrifying bacteria to maintain the carrier wet; passing ammonia-containing gas through the carrier in the wet state in an oxygen-containing atmosphere; dissolving an ammonia component in the ammonia-containing gas in the circulating water, together with an ammonia gas decomposition product produced by the nitrifying bacteria, to continue decomposing the ammonia-containing gas while the decomposition product is accumulated in the circulating water; and collecting all or a portion of the circulating water to recover the ammonia gas decomposition product, when the concentration of nitrate ion as an ammonia decomposition product in the circulating water reaches a predetermined concentration of 5000 mg/L or more.

A process for producing nitric acid comprising: catalytic oxidation of ammonia in the presence of oxygen to form a nitrous gas containing NO, O2, N2O and water vapor; a catalytic abatement of N2O which is performed over a first catalyst; a catalytic conversion of NO into NO2 which is performed over a second catalyst; the so obtained nitrous gas is then subject to absorption in water to produce nitric acid.

A process for producing nitric acid comprising: catalytic oxidation of ammonia in the presence of oxygen to form a nitrous gas containing NO, O2, N2O and water vapor; a catalytic abatement of N2O which is performed over a first catalyst; a catalytic conversion of NO into NO2 which is performed over a second catalyst; the so obtained nitrous gas is then subject to absorption in water to produce nitric acid.

In a process for preparing nitric acid, nitrogen oxides are first produced in an ammonia combustion plant and cooled in a condenser to form a nitric acid-containing solution. The nitric acid-containing solution is then supplied to at least one absorption tower in which the nitrogen oxides are brought into contact with water and oxygen, wherein the nitrogen-containing gas mixture reacts with the water and the oxygen at least in part to form an aqueous nitric acid-containing solution which accumulates at the base of the absorption tower and is then compressed and recycled via a conduit back into the absorption tower. In order to minimize the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the offgas from such a plant and to increase the efficiency of the process, the invention proposes injecting ozone into a connection conduit which leads from the condenser to a first absorption tower and conducts the nitric acid-containing solution.