A structurally altered gas molecule. The structurally altered gas molecule is a combination of two parts of hydrogen and one part of oxygen and produced from water by placing an electrolyte solution in a chemical reaction chamber, adding purified water to the chemical reaction chamber, and applying a focused magnetic field generated by earth magnets and an electric field to a mixture of the purified water and the electrolyte solution to cause generation of the structurally altered gas molecule from the purified water. A temperature in the chemical reaction chamber is from 60 degrees to 120 degrees in Fahrenheit. A pressure in the chemical reaction chamber is from 1 atmosphere to 40 pounds per square inch gauge (psig). The structurally altered gas molecule has a hydrogen-oxygen-hydrogen bond angles between 94 degrees and 104 degrees and hydrogen-oxygen bond length between 0.95 Angstrom and 1.3 Angstrom.

A structurally altered gas molecule. The structurally altered gas molecule is a combination of two parts of hydrogen and one part of oxygen and produced from water by placing an electrolyte solution in a chemical reaction chamber, adding purified water to the chemical reaction chamber, and applying a focused magnetic field generated by earth magnets and an electric field to a mixture of the purified water and the electrolyte solution to cause generation of the structurally altered gas molecule from the purified water. A temperature in the chemical reaction chamber is from 60 degrees to 120 degrees in Fahrenheit. A pressure in the chemical reaction chamber is from 1 atmosphere to 40 pounds per square inch gauge (psig). The structurally altered gas molecule has a hydrogen-oxygen-hydrogen bond angles between 94 degrees and 104 degrees and hydrogen-oxygen bond length between 0.95 Angstrom and 1.3 Angstrom.

In an aspect, an electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling a feedstream comprising a single isotope of hydrogen, comprising: an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising an anode; a cathode; an isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, cation exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the unit configured to receive the feedstream containing the single isotope of hydrogen; wherein the single isotope is deuterium or tritium and when the single isotope is deuterium, the heavy water comprises D.sub.2O and when the single isotope is tritium, the heavy water is T.sub.2O.

A device is described herein for priming and stimulating a fluid that enters a nozzle such that when the fluid experiences a phase change from liquid to gas, said phase change releases energy latent within molecules or atoms of any of the interior surface of the nozzle and the fluid, producing an energy release, thereby enabling that phase-changed gas to be used to generate energy using well-known techniques in the prior art.

A method of activating and dewatering sludge through application of acoustic pressure shock waves to wastewater.

A method of activating and dewatering sludge through application of acoustic pressure shock waves to wastewater.

A method of using an imaging contrast agent is provided for hydrogen magnetic resonance imaging (H MRI). The agent uses replacement and chemical exchange of hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) on obtaining MRI images for comparison. An isotonic physiologic saline solution with deuterium oxide (D.sub.2O) is made. The solution is intravenously injected to obtain the intensity alterations on MRI images. The injected D.sub.2O is perfused into tissue and replaces the original water. Exchanges between H and D occur and a solution of hydrogen deuterium oxide (HDO) is obtained. After such mechanisms, MRI images are compared for differences. Thus, a novel, non-radioactive, non-toxic and non-invasive MRI agent is provided for people who are allergic to general imaging agents.

A method for producing deuterium-depleted water by removing heavy water and semi-heavy water from water includes an adsorption step of supplying water vapor to a predetermined adsorbent at pressure at which heavy water and semi-heavy water are adsorbed by the adsorbent and light water is not easily adsorbed, causing the heavy water and semi-heavy water to be adsorbed, and recovering the water vapor not adsorbed by the adsorbent. The method also includes a desorption step of maintaining vapor pressure around the predetermined adsorbent which has adsorbed the water vapor in a range in which light water is desorbed and heavy water or semi-heavy water is not easily desorbed, and recovering the water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent.

A method for producing deuterium-depleted water by removing heavy water and semi-heavy water from water includes an adsorption step of supplying water vapor to a predetermined adsorbent at pressure at which heavy water and semi-heavy water are adsorbed by the adsorbent and light water is not easily adsorbed, causing the heavy water and semi-heavy water to be adsorbed, and recovering the water vapor not adsorbed by the adsorbent. The method also includes a desorption step of maintaining vapor pressure around the predetermined adsorbent which has adsorbed the water vapor in a range in which light water is desorbed and heavy water or semi-heavy water is not easily desorbed, and recovering the water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent.

The present invention relates to a method of altering the relative proportions of protons, deuterons and tritons in a sample using a membrane. The membrane comprises a 2D material and an ionomer. The invention also relates to a method of making said membranes.