A silicate-based composition includes: 40-80 mol % SiO.sub.2, >0-25 mol % MO, 15-40 mol % R.sub.2O, >0-10 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, >0-10 mol % P.sub.2O.sub.5, and >0-5 mol % ZrO.sub.2, such that MO is a sum of BeO, MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO; and R.sub.2O is a sum of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, K.sub.2O, Rb.sub.2O, Cs.sub.2O.

A glass includes: a plurality of components (in wt.-%) as follows:

TABLE-US-00001 Component Proportion (% by weight) SiO.sub.2 50-80  Al.sub.2O.sub.3 0-10 B.sub.2O.sub.3 0-15 Li.sub.2O 0-20 Na.sub.2O 0-20 K.sub.2O 0-25 BaO 0-10 CaO 0-10 MgO 0-10 ZnO 0-10 La.sub.2O.sub.3 0-20 TiO.sub.2 0-5  Cl 0-3  MnO.sub.2 0.2-5.0  Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 0.05-3.0,.sup. 
a sum of a plurality of proportions of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O being in a range of from 5.0 to 30.0 wt.-%, a sum of a plurality of amounts of MnO.sub.2 and Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 being at least 0.3 wt.-%, and a ratio of a plurality of proportions of MnO.sub.2 (in wt.-%) and Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 (in wt.-%) being in a range of from 1.5:1 to 12.5:1.

A glass includes: a plurality of components (in wt.-%) as follows:

TABLE-US-00001 Component Proportion (% by weight) SiO.sub.2 50-80  Al.sub.2O.sub.3 0-10 B.sub.2O.sub.3 0-15 Li.sub.2O 0-20 Na.sub.2O 0-20 K.sub.2O 0-25 BaO 0-10 CaO 0-10 MgO 0-10 ZnO 0-10 La.sub.2O.sub.3 0-20 TiO.sub.2 0-5  Cl 0-3  MnO.sub.2 0.2-5.0  Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 0.05-3.0,.sup. 
a sum of a plurality of proportions of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O being in a range of from 5.0 to 30.0 wt.-%, a sum of a plurality of amounts of MnO.sub.2 and Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 being at least 0.3 wt.-%, and a ratio of a plurality of proportions of MnO.sub.2 (in wt.-%) and Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 (in wt.-%) being in a range of from 1.5:1 to 12.5:1.

Bulk paint and ceramic powder systems, methods of forming same, and methods of forming a flexible ceramic coating on a metal substrate are disclosed. The systems may include a ceramic composition having between 2 to 30 weight percent of an alkali metal oxide, such as K.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and Li.sub.2O or mixtures thereof, between 10 to 74 weight percent SiO.sub.2, and between 23 to 79 weight percent B.sub.2O.sub.3. Additives that are nonwetting with molten metals, such as boron nitride, provide durable coatings for metal processing operations. The ceramic composition may include less than 5 weight percent additional metal oxides. The bulk paint system further may include water and a cellulosic suspension agent to form a bulk paint. The ceramic powder system may be processed to form a uniform powder. The bulk paint or uniform powder may be applied to a metal substrate, such as a ferrous metal substrate, dried, and heated to form a flexible coating on the metal substrate.

A colored glass article includes greater than or equal to 50 mol % and less than or equal to 80 mol % SiO.sub.2; greater than or equal to 7 mol % and less than or equal to 25 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; greater than or equal to 1 mol % and less than or equal to 15 mol % B.sub.2O.sub.3; greater than or equal to 5 mol % and less than or equal to 20 mol % Li.sub.2O; greater than or equal to 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to 15 mol % Na.sub.2O; greater than 0 mol % and less than or equal to 1 mol % K.sub.2O; and greater than or equal to 1×10.sup.−6 mol % and less than or equal to 1 mol % Au. R.sub.2O—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 is greater than or equal to −5 mol % and less than or equal to 7 mol %, R.sub.2O being the sum of Li.sub.2O, Na.sub.2O, and K.sub.2O.

A process for the preparation of multi-coloured dental restorations is described, in which glasses and glass ceramics with various compositions are given the shapes of dental restorations and colour changes are effected in the glasses and glass ceramics by irradiating them with artificial electromagnetic radiation and subjecting them to a heat treatment.

A process for the preparation of multi-coloured dental restorations is described, in which glasses and glass ceramics with various compositions are given the shapes of dental restorations and colour changes are effected in the glasses and glass ceramics by irradiating them with artificial electromagnetic radiation and subjecting them to a heat treatment.

A support glass substrate of the present invention is a support glass substrate for supporting a substrate to be processed, the support glass substrate including lithium aluminosilicate-based glass, having a content of Li.sub.2O of from 0.02 mol % to 25 mol % in a glass composition, and having an average linear thermal expansion coefficient within a temperature range of from 30° C. to 380° C. of 38×10.sup.−7/° C. or more and 160×10.sup.−7/° C. or less.

A support glass substrate of the present invention is a support glass substrate for supporting a substrate to be processed, the support glass substrate including lithium aluminosilicate-based glass, having a content of Li.sub.2O of from 0.02 mol % to 25 mol % in a glass composition, and having an average linear thermal expansion coefficient within a temperature range of from 30° C. to 380° C. of 38×10.sup.−7/° C. or more and 160×10.sup.−7/° C. or less.

The present invention relates to a glass for a pharmaceutical container that is excellent in ultraviolet shielding ability, and is also excellent in chemical durability. The glass for a pharmaceutical container of the present invention includes as a glass composition, in terms of mass %, 67% to 81% of SiO.sub.2, more than 4% to 7% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 7% to 14% of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 3% to 12% of Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O, 0% to 1.8% of CaO+BaO, 0.5% to less than 2% of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, and 1% to 5% of TiO.sub.2, and satisfies a relationship of CaO/BaO≤0.5.