A compound comprising phosphorus atoms and sulfur atoms as constituent elements and having a peak in Raman spectroscopy, the peak being attributable to a disulfide bond bonding between two phosphorus atoms.

A pseudo-reference electrode comprising a pseudo-reference glass material backed by a silver conductor comprising silver metal, wherein the pseudo-reference glass material is a chalcogenide glass comprising a silver chalcogenide Ag2Ch, wherein Ch denotes a chalcogen, or a halide glass comprising a silver halide and at least one glass-forming oxide of a metal or a metalloid, a mixture of two or more of these glasses, or a composite of at least one of these glasses. This pseudo-reference electrode can be used in ion-selective electrode (ISE) sensors and ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs).

Gradient refractive index (GRIN) materials can include multi-phase composites having substances with differing refractive indices disposed non-uniformly within one another. Particular glass composites having a gradient index of refraction can include: an amorphous phase, and a phase-separated region disposed non-uniformly within the amorphous phase. The glass composites include a mixture containing: GeZ.sub.2 and A.sub.2Z.sub.3 in a combined molar ratio of about 60% to about 95%, and CsX and PbZ in a combined molar ratio of about 5% to about 40%, where A is As, Sb or Ga, X is Cl, Br or I, and Z is S or Se. When A is As, the glass composites include PbZ in a molar ratio of about 15% or less. The amorphous phase and the phase-separated region have refractive indices that differ from one another. More particularly, A is Ga or As, X is Cl, and Z is Se.

A main object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a sulfide solid electrolyte that enables a sulfide solid electrolyte whose ion-conducting characteristic is easy to be improved, to be manufactured. The present invention is a method for manufacturing a sulfide solid electrolyte including loading a raw material for manufacturing a sulfide solid electrolyte which is mainly composed of a substance represented by the general formula of (100−x)(0.75Li.sub.2S.0.25P.sub.2S.sub.5).xLiI (here, 0<x<100), into a vessel; and amorphizing the raw material after said loading, wherein a reaction site temperature in the vessel is controlled so that x included in the general formula and the reaction site temperature y [° C.] in the vessel in said amorphizing satisfy y<−2.00x+1.79×10.sup.2.

Gradient refractive index (GRIN) materials can include multi-phase composites having substances with differing refractive indices disposed non-uniformly within one another. Particular glass composites having a gradient index of refraction can include: an amorphous phase, and a phase-separated region disposed non-uniformly within the amorphous phase. The glass composites include a mixture containing: GeZ.sub.2 and A.sub.2Z.sub.3 in a combined molar ratio of about 60% to about 95%, and CsX and PbZ in a combined molar ratio of about 5% to about 40%, where A is As, Sb or Ga, X is Cl, Br or I, and Z is S or Se. When A is As, the glass composites include PbZ in a molar ratio of about 15% or less. The amorphous phase and the phase-separated region have refractive indices that differ from one another. More particularly, A is Ga or As, X is Cl, and Z is Se.

The main object or purpose of the present invention is to provide a glass material that is suitable for mold forming, can reduce the size, and allows rays having a wavelength region between visible light to far-infrared light to pass through. To overcome this object, the present invention provides a glass material allowing rays having a wavelength in the region from visible light to far-infrared light to pass through, the glass material comprising, in terms of molar concentration: 50 to 70% of S, 15 to 30% of Ge, 5 to 20% of Ga, 0.5 to 15% of Ba, and 3 to 15% of at least one member selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I, with the proviso that when the Cl is present alone, the molar concentration is 6 to 15%.

A solid electrolyte for all-solid sodium battery expressed by Na.sub.3-xSbS.sub.4-xA.sub.x, wherein A is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, NO.sub.3, BH.sub.4, BF.sub.4, PF.sub.6, ClO.sub.4, BH.sub.4, CF.sub.3SO.sub.3, (CF.sub.3SO.sub.2).sub.2N, (C.sub.2F.sub.5SO.sub.2).sub.2N, (FSO.sub.2).sub.2N, and [B(C.sub.2O.sub.4).sub.2]; and x is 0<x<3.

Provided is a thermally stable infrared-transmitting glass. An infrared-transmitting glass contains, in terms of % by mole, over 15 to 40% Ge, over 0 to 40% Ga, 40 to below 80% Te, 0 to 40% Si+Al+Ti+Cu+In+Sn+Bi+Cr+Sb+Zn+Mn+Cs+Ag+As+Pb, and 0 to 40% F+Cl+Br+I.

Provided is a thermally stable and inexpensive infrared-transmitting glass. An infrared-transmitting glass contains, in terms of % by mole, over 0 to 9% Ge, over 0 to 50% Ga, 50 to 90% Te, 0 to 40% Si+Al+Ti+Cu+In+Sn+Bi+Cr+Sb+Zn+Mn+Cs+Ag+As+Pb, and 0 to 40% F+Cl+Br+I.

The present invention aims to provide a vehicular exterior member that is excellent in strength and cost, and sufficiently ensures a viewing field of sharpness of a thermal image obtained by a far-infrared camera. A vehicular exterior member that includes a light blocking region and is configured to be attached to a vehicle equipped with a far-infrared camera. The vehicular exterior member further includes, in the light blocking region, a far-infrared ray transmitting region having an opening and a far-infrared ray transmitting member disposed in the opening. An average transmittance of far-infrared rays having a wavelength ranging from 8 to 13 μm of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or larger than 25%. A length of the longest straight line in straight lines connecting any desired two points on a surface on a vehicle exterior side of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or smaller than 80 mm. A diameter of the largest circle in circles formed in a projected shape obtained by projecting the far-infrared ray transmitting member in an optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera is equal to or larger than 12 mm. An average thickness of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or larger than 1.5 mm.