Compounds are provided having the structure of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable isomer, racemate, hydrate, solvate, isotope, or salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Y.sup.1, and Y.sup.2 are as defined herein. Such compounds function as thyromimetics and have utility for treating diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and fibrotic diseases. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds are also provided, as are methods of their use and preparation.

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Compounds are provided that function as thyromimetics, which compounds have utility for treating diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds are also provided, as are methods of their use and preparation. Such compounds have the structure of Formula (I) as shown herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable isomer, racemate, hydrate, solvate, isotope or salt thereof.

Compounds are provided that are useful as immunomodulators. The compounds have the following Formula (II):

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including stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2a, R.sup.2b, R.sup.2c, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6a, R.sup.6b, m and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a surface binding compound of the Formula I or Formula II:

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wherein the variables EG, EG1, SP1, SP2, SP3, Ar and BG are as defined herein. In another embodiment, the application discloses a method for forming a coating on a surface of a substrate using the surface binding compound of the Formula I or Formula II.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a surface binding compound of the Formula I or Formula II:

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wherein the variables EG, EG1, SP1, SP2, SP3, Ar and BG are as defined herein. In another embodiment, the application discloses a method for forming a coating on a surface of a substrate using the surface binding compound of the Formula I or Formula II.

Disclosed is a method for preparing compound S-1, from compound S-5; wherein compound S-5 is prepared by treating compound 2 with a tertiary amine and a hydrogen source in the presence of a chiral complex.

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Disclosed is a method for preparing compound S-1, from compound S-5; wherein compound S-5 is prepared by treating compound 2 with a tertiary amine and a hydrogen source in the presence of a chiral complex.

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Provided herein are novel amide prodrug forms of pharmaceutically active agents useful for central nervous system disorders.

Compounds having a structure of formula (I), (I-A), (Ia)-(Ie), (A)-(E), and (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tautomer or stereoisomer thereof are provided. Uses of such compounds for modulating androgen receptor activity, imaging diagnostics in cancer and therapeutics, and methods for treatment of disorders including prostate cancer are also provided.

This document provides methods and materials for increasing the level of phosphorylated AMPK. For example, compounds (e.g., organic compounds) having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, formulations containing compounds having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, methods for making compounds having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, methods for making formulations containing compounds having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, methods for increasing the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, and methods for treating mammals (e.g., humans) having a condition responsive to an increase in the level of phosphorylated AMPK are provided.