Provided are a condensed cyclic compound having the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein ring D.sub.1 and ring D.sub.2 are each independently a C.sub.6-C.sub.20 aromatic ring, and an organic light-emitting device including the same.

Provided are a condensed cyclic compound having the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein ring D.sub.1 and ring D.sub.2 are each independently a C.sub.6-C.sub.20 aromatic ring, and an organic light-emitting device including the same.

Provided are an OLED compound, an organic electronic element employing the compound, and an electronic device comprising the element, where the compound improves the luminous efficiency, stability and lifetime of the organic electronic element.

Provided are an OLED compound, an organic electronic element employing the compound, and an electronic device comprising the element, where the compound improves the luminous efficiency, stability and lifetime of the organic electronic element.

Tagging agents, including fluorescent monomers, which may be polymerized. Anti-scalant polymer compositions that include a copolymer of a tagging agent and an anti-scalant monomer. Methods for synthesizing tagging agents, anti-scalant polymer compositions, and detecting an anti-scalant polymer composition.

Provided is a compound for an organic electric device, an organic electric device using the same, and an electronic device including the organic electric device. Further provided is an organic electric device having high luminous efficiency, low driving voltage, and high heat resistance can be provided, and color purity and lifespan of the organic electric device can be improved.

Provided is a compound for an organic electric device, an organic electric device using the same, and an electronic device including the organic electric device. Further provided is an organic electric device having high luminous efficiency, low driving voltage, and high heat resistance can be provided, and color purity and lifespan of the organic electric device can be improved.

The present invention is a material for forming an organic film, containing: (A) a compound for forming an organic film shown by the following general formula (1A); and (B) an organic solvent, where Wi represents a tetravalent or hexavalent organic group, n1 represents an integer of 1 or 2, n2 represents 2 or 3, each R.sub.1 independently represents any in the following formula (1B), and a hydrogen atom of a benzene ring in the formula (1A) is optionally substituted with a fluorine atom. This provides: a compound having a dioxin structure, which is cured even under film formation conditions in inert gas, and which is capable of forming an organic underlayer film having not only excellent heat resistance and properties of filling and planarizing a pattern formed on a substrate, but also favorable film formability and adhesiveness to a substrate; and an organic film material containing the compound.

##STR00001##

The present invention is a material for forming an organic film, containing: (A) a compound for forming an organic film shown by the following general formula (1A); and (B) an organic solvent, where Wi represents a tetravalent or hexavalent organic group, n1 represents an integer of 1 or 2, n2 represents 2 or 3, each R.sub.1 independently represents any in the following formula (1B), and a hydrogen atom of a benzene ring in the formula (1A) is optionally substituted with a fluorine atom. This provides: a compound having a dioxin structure, which is cured even under film formation conditions in inert gas, and which is capable of forming an organic underlayer film having not only excellent heat resistance and properties of filling and planarizing a pattern formed on a substrate, but also favorable film formability and adhesiveness to a substrate; and an organic film material containing the compound.

##STR00001##

A flow battery includes a first liquid containing a redox mediator, a first electrode, a first active material, and a first circulator that circulates the first liquid between the first electrode and the first active material. The redox mediator contains a heteranthrene compound. The redox mediator contains a heteranthrene compound. The heteranthrene compound has a skeletal structure including a central ring structure, the central ring structure containing no nitrogen.