There is provided a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein, wherein said process comprises reacting a compound of formula (II) as defined s herein with one or more suitable Vilsmeier reagent.

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A lithium boron fluorophosphate complex compound including a compound A that is one selected from a group of lithium boron fluorophosphates represented by Formula (I), and a compound B that is one selected from a group of compounds represented by Formulae (II) to (IX). R.sub.0 represents a hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, and R.sup.13 to R.sup.21 each independently represent a substituent, and R.sup.12, R.sup.22, and R.sup.23 each independently represent a divalent linking group. ##STR00001##

A lithium boron fluorophosphate complex compound including a compound A that is one selected from a group of lithium boron fluorophosphates represented by Formula (I), and a compound B that is one selected from a group of compounds represented by Formulae (II) to (IX). R.sub.0 represents a hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, and R.sup.13 to R.sup.21 each independently represent a substituent, and R.sup.12, R.sup.22, and R.sup.23 each independently represent a divalent linking group. ##STR00001##

An additive, a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery including the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an additive includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2. In some embodiments, a non-aqueous electrolyte includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and an additive including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2.

An additive, a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery including the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, an additive includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2. In some embodiments, a non-aqueous electrolyte includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and an additive including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2.

The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same. The electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and the lithium secondary battery including the same according to the present invention exhibit flame retardancy, and thus have the advantage of being able to provide excellent reliability. The lithium secondary battery exhibits high output performance and has excellent cycle life characteristics, high-temperature stability, and high-temperature voltage preservation stability, and thus has the advantage of high battery reliability.

A process of forming a resveratrol-based flame retardant small molecule with a phosphonate/phosphinate molecule that includes a chloride group and a terminal functional group.

A limonene-based flame-retardant compound, a method of making a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that includes a limonene-based flame-retardant compound are provided. In an embodiment, the method includes forming a limonene-based derivative; forming a phosphorus-based flame-retardant molecule; reacting the limonene-based derivative with the phosphorus-based flame-retardant molecule to form a limonene-based flame-retardant compound; and forming a flame-retardant polymer from the limonene-based flame-retardant compound. In some embodiments, the limonene-based flame-retardant compound has variable functionality including vinyl, epoxide, methylene bridges, and thioethers.

A process of forming a resveratrol-based flame retardant small molecule with a phosphonate/phosphinate molecule that includes a chloride group and a terminal functional group.

A flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule are disclosed. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule can be synthesized from vanillin obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with phenyl, allyl, or thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer can include reacting a diol vanillin derivative and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule, and binding the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule to a polymer. The material in the article of manufacture can be flame-retardant, and contain the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecules. Examples of materials that can be in the article of manufacture can include resins, plastics, adhesives, polymers, etc.