Compounds described herein may be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases linked to protein misfolding, including prion diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and also other neurodegenerative, degenerative, metabolic and ischemic conditions. Indeed, NAD metabolism impairment is also a critical feature in brain ischemia/reperfusion injury, Wallerian degeneration, kidney failure, multiple sclerosis, aging, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Therapies that elevate or stabilize NAD levels may thus have broad potential for treating many severely debilitating neurological and metabolic conditions. Evidence is provided herein with compounds from 8 lead series for NAD restoring properties and for therapeutic efficacy in cellular and/or animal models of prion disease, PD and ALS.

Compounds described herein may be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases linked to protein misfolding, including prion diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and also other neurodegenerative, degenerative, metabolic and ischemic conditions. Indeed, NAD metabolism impairment is also a critical feature in brain ischemia/reperfusion injury, Wallerian degeneration, kidney failure, multiple sclerosis, aging, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Therapies that elevate or stabilize NAD levels may thus have broad potential for treating many severely debilitating neurological and metabolic conditions. Evidence is provided herein with compounds from 8 lead series for NAD restoring properties and for therapeutic efficacy in cellular and/or animal models of prion disease, PD and ALS.

The solution provides a method for separating a Chinese traditional medicine composition. To explain a pharmacological effect mechanism of a medicine made of two or more components and scientific content in rules of compatibility among components of a compound medicine, systematic researches on the material basis is very necessary. Accordingly, deep researches are done on chemical components of the pharmaceutical composition in the solution, and eight compounds are separated, which are 10-O-(p-hydroxycinnamoyl)-adoxosidic acid, aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercitrin, matairesinol-4′-O-glucoside, liquiritin apioside, epi-vogeloside, vogeloside and ethyl caffeate, which provides a new quality control method for the composition in the solution.

Topical formulations comprising one or more cannabinoids, one or more terpenes, and one or more flavonoids; and methods and uses thereof for the treatment of an integumentary wound, wherein the one or more cannabinoids comprise tetrahydrocannabinolic acid.

A combination that includes: a flavonoid, for example in an amount from about 0.1 g to about 1.5 g; and one or more of: ascorbic acid, ascorbate, or a combination thereof, for example in an amount from about 0.2 g to about 2.0 g; N-acetyl cysteine, for example in an amount from about 0.10 g to about 1.2 g; alpha-lipoic acid, for example in an amount from about 0.05 g to about 0.60 g; and at least one carotenoid, for example in an amount from about 1 mg to about 50 mg. The combination may be used to mitigate or prevent nuclear DNA damage, mitochondrial DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, or any combination thereof in a subject caused by oxidative stress.

Provided are scutellariae radix compounds and the use thereof for inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria. Specifically provided is the use of a compound of formula I, or an optical isomer thereof, or a racemate thereof, or a solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the preparation of a composition or a preparation. The composition or the preparation is used for one or more uses selected from the group consisting of: (a) inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria; (b) preventing and/or treating diseases associated with the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria; and (c) preventing and/or treating cancers. The compounds can be used for inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria and preventing and/or treating diseases associated with the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria, and especially have a significant inhibitory effect on the upregulation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria or tumor cells with a low mPTP activity.

The present invention relates to a method for preparation of soybean leaves having a high content of an isoflavone derivative in a dark condition and soybean leaves having a high content of an isoflavone derivative prepared thereby. Specifically, treatment of a soybean plant 20 days to 60 days after seeding with a predetermined concentration of ethylene in a dark condition was found to accumulate higher concentrations of isoflavone derivatives in soybean leaves than treatment with ethephon in a light condition, which requires a high level of energy. Therefore, when used, the method of the present invention can economically and quickly prepare soybean leaves having a very high content of isoflavones, and the soybean leaves having a high content of isoflavone derivatives, an extract of the soybean leaves, and a fraction of the extract can be advantageously used as a food and medicine material against diseases caused by estrogen unbalance and deficient antioxidant activity.

The present disclosure provides a method for extracting and separating flavonoids from Lindera aggregata leaves. The method includes: mixing Lindera aggregata leaves with an adsorbent, conducting elution with a matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction method, followed by concentration to obtain a Lindera aggregata leaf extract; conducting primary separation and secondary separation on the Lindera aggregata leaf extract by high-speed counter-current liquid chromatography (HSCCC), to separate quercetin-3-O-β-D-arabinofuranoside, a mixture of quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside and quercetin-5-O-β-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside, and kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside; where a second solvent system used in the secondary separation includes ethyl acetate, n-butanol, an addictive and water, and the addictive includes cyclodextrin. The method has a short separation period, high separation efficiency, and less impurities during purification and separation of the flavonoids from the Lindera aggregata leaves.

The present disclosure provides a method for extracting and separating flavonoids from Lindera aggregata leaves. The method includes: mixing Lindera aggregata leaves with an adsorbent, conducting elution with a matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction method, followed by concentration to obtain a Lindera aggregata leaf extract; conducting primary separation and secondary separation on the Lindera aggregata leaf extract by high-speed counter-current liquid chromatography (HSCCC), to separate quercetin-3-O-β-D-arabinofuranoside, a mixture of quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside and quercetin-5-O-β-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside, and kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside; where a second solvent system used in the secondary separation includes ethyl acetate, n-butanol, an addictive and water, and the addictive includes cyclodextrin. The method has a short separation period, high separation efficiency, and less impurities during purification and separation of the flavonoids from the Lindera aggregata leaves.

The present invention concerns the antidiabetic activity of compounds type A, namely of 8-β-D-glucosylgenistein, which is not toxic to eukaryotic cells and has demonstrated to produce complete normalization of fasting hyperglycaemia, to reduce excessive postprandial glucose excursion, to increase glucose-induced insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. An alternative synthesis for this molecular entity and its binding ability to β-amyloid oligomers is also included in the present invention, which also comprises Genista tenera ethyl acetate extract for use as antihyperglycaemic agent i.e. for lowering blood glucose levels in mammals that are pre-diabetic or have type 2 or type 1 diabetes.

The inhibitory activity of β-glucosidase by Genista tenera ethyl acetate and butanol extracts and that of glucose-6-phosphastase by these two extracts and the diethyl ether plant extract is also part of the present invention.