The present invention relates to cell culture media comprising 5-Thio-L-fucose and the use of 5-Thio-L-fucose for modulating the glycosylation profile of antibodies or other Fc containing proteins and thereby modulating the binding affinity of said proteins.

The present disclosure discloses a method for preparation of derivatives of gram-positive bacteria surface capsular polysaccharide, and belongs to the field of carbohydrate chemistry. The present disclosure takes glucose as a glycosyl donor to obtain a target β-glucosidic bond, then successfully synthesizes a disaccharide building block through a method of redox of a glucose C-2 site, and then takes the disaccharide building block as a repeat unit to synthesize a target oligosaccharide structure such as a derivative [.fwdarw.3)-α-D-Manp-(1.fwdarw.4)-β-D-Rhap-(1.fwdarw.].sub.5-Linker of gram-positive bacteria cell wall capsular polysaccharide. A reduction end of decose is linked with a linker to be linked with a protein to make glycoconjugates for immunological studies. The method provided by the present disclosure is simple, time-saving, labor-saving and low-cost, and the resultant derivatives of the gram-positive bacteria surface capsular polysaccharide may be used for development and preparation of medicine related to autism.

The present disclosure discloses a method for preparation of derivatives of gram-positive bacteria surface capsular polysaccharide, and belongs to the field of carbohydrate chemistry. The present disclosure takes glucose as a glycosyl donor to obtain a target β-glucosidic bond, then successfully synthesizes a disaccharide building block through a method of redox of a glucose C-2 site, and then takes the disaccharide building block as a repeat unit to synthesize a target oligosaccharide structure such as a derivative [.fwdarw.3)-α-D-Manp-(1.fwdarw.4)-β-D-Rhap-(1.fwdarw.].sub.5-Linker of gram-positive bacteria cell wall capsular polysaccharide. A reduction end of decose is linked with a linker to be linked with a protein to make glycoconjugates for immunological studies. The method provided by the present disclosure is simple, time-saving, labor-saving and low-cost, and the resultant derivatives of the gram-positive bacteria surface capsular polysaccharide may be used for development and preparation of medicine related to autism.

One or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof are provided for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a metabolic disorder in a feline animal, preferably where the metabolic disorder is one or more selected from the group consisting of ketoacidosis, pre-diabetes, diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2, insulin resistance, obesity, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, dysadipokinemia, subclinical inflammation, systemic inflammation, low grade systemic inflammation, hepatic lipidosis, atherosclerosis, inflammation of the pancreas, neuropathy and/or Syndrome X (metabolic syndrome) and/or loss of pancreatic beta cell function and/or where the remission of the metabolic disorder, preferably diabetic remission, is achieved and/or maintained.

One or more SGLT2 inhibitors or pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof are provided for use in the treatment and/or prevention of a metabolic disorder in a feline animal, preferably where the metabolic disorder is one or more selected from the group consisting of ketoacidosis, pre-diabetes, diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2, insulin resistance, obesity, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, dysadipokinemia, subclinical inflammation, systemic inflammation, low grade systemic inflammation, hepatic lipidosis, atherosclerosis, inflammation of the pancreas, neuropathy and/or Syndrome X (metabolic syndrome) and/or loss of pancreatic beta cell function and/or where the remission of the metabolic disorder, preferably diabetic remission, is achieved and/or maintained.

The present invention provides non-anticoagulant sulfated or sulfonated polysaccharides (NASPs), which accelerate the blood clotting process. Also provided are pharmaceutical formulations comprising a NASP of the invention in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and, in various embodiments, these formulations are unit dosage formulations. The invention provides a NASP formulation, which is orally bioavailable. Also provided are methods for utilizing the compounds and formulations of the invention to promote blood clotting in vivo as therapeutic and prophylactic agents and in vitro as an aid to studies of the blood clotting process.

The present invention provides non-anticoagulant sulfated or sulfonated polysaccharides (NASPs), which accelerate the blood clotting process. Also provided are pharmaceutical formulations comprising a NASP of the invention in conjunction with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and, in various embodiments, these formulations are unit dosage formulations. The invention provides a NASP formulation, which is orally bioavailable. Also provided are methods for utilizing the compounds and formulations of the invention to promote blood clotting in vivo as therapeutic and prophylactic agents and in vitro as an aid to studies of the blood clotting process.

The invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein R2 and R4 are joined and together form a group, such a —CH2O—. The compound of formula (I) can be used in the manufacture of 5'S-LNA oligonucleotides as antisense drugs.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein R2 and R4 are joined and together form a group, such a —CH2O—. The compound of formula (I) can be used in the manufacture of 5'S-LNA oligonucleotides as antisense drugs.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to sphingoglycolipid analogues which are useful in treating or preventing diseases and conditions such as those relating to infection, atopic disorders, autoimmune diseases or cancer.