Provided is a molded article that has such a shape as to offer a light condensing or light diffusing effect, has excellent mechanical strengths and heat resistance, and has a high thickness deviation ratio. This molded article includes a cured product of a curable composition containing an epoxy compound (A). The cured product has a flexural modulus of 2.5 GPa or more as measured in conformity with JIS K 7171:2008, except for performing measurement on a test specimen having a length of 20 mm, a width of 2.5 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm and at a span between specimen supports of 16 mm. The molded article has a thickness deviation ratio (thickest portion thickness to thinnest portion thickness ratio) of 5 or more and offers a light condensing or light diffusing effect. The molded article preferably has a thinnest portion thickness of 0.2 mm or less. The curable composition is preferably a photocurable composition.

The present invention relates to a kind of organic metal-free catalysts containing both electrophilic and nucleophilic dual-functions, preparation methods of making the same, and uses thereof. The organic metal-free catalysts in the present invention have the chemical structure shown in formula (I):

##STR00001##

Compared with the metal-free organic polymerization catalytic systems that have been reported before, the organic metal-free catalysts in this invention have the combined advantages of simple preparation, high reactivity, easy operation, low cost, wide applicability, easy for industrial production.

A polyether compound having a cationic group and two or more chain end groups and, wherein all of the chain end groups are any of a hydroxyl group and an azide group is provided.

The present invention relates to a kind of organic metal-free catalysts containing both electrophilic and nucleophilic dual-functions, preparation methods of making the same, and uses thereof. The organic metal-free catalysts in the present invention have the chemical structure shown in formula (I): ##STR00001##
Compared with the metal-free organic polymerization catalytic systems that have been reported before, the organic metal-free catalysts in this invention have the combined advantages of simple preparation, high reactivity, easy operation, low cost, wide applicability, easy for industrial production.

To prevent gelling even during storage for a long time period under high temperature or room temperature, and to achieve rapid curing under a room-temperature condition at the time of photoirradiation, provided are a photocationically curable composition containing a cationically polymerizable monomer and photoacid generators, and being substantially free of a hydrogen ion scavenger, wherein the photoacid generators include: at least one kind of photoacid generator selected from a photoacid generator formed of an ion pair whose anion is a noncoordinating anion, and a photoacid generator formed of a zwitterionic compound whose anionic moiety is a noncoordinating anionic moiety; and at least one kind of photoacid generator selected from a photoacid generator formed of an ion pair whose anion is not a noncoordinating anion and a photoacid generator formed of a zwitterionic compound whose anionic moiety is not a noncoordinating anionic moiety, and a dental curable composition using the same.

Supported onium salts used as initiators for the synthesis of polycarbonates by copolymerization of carbon dioxide with epoxides are described. Embodiments of the present disclosure describe initiators comprising an insoluble portion including an onium cation attached to an insoluble support; and an anion, wherein the anion is a counter-ion to the onium cation. Embodiments further describe methods of making polycarbonates using the initiator, methods of making initiators, and the like.

Liquid radiation curable compositions are disclosed which are suitable for hybrid (i.e. cationic and free-radical) polymerization when processed via additive fabrication equipment utilizing sources of actinic radiation with peak spectral intensities in the UV/vis region. According to one aspect, the compositions possess a first photoinitiator that is an iodonium salt of a non-fluorinated borate anion. According to another aspect, the composition is substantially devoid of a Norrish Type I and/or Type II photoinitiator. Also disclosed are methods of creating three-dimensional parts via additive fabrication processes utilizing sources of actinic radiation with peak spectral intensities in the UV/vis region employing liquid radiation curable compositions suitable for hybrid polymerization, and the parts cured therefrom.

The invention relates to a cationically curable composition with at least one cationically polymerizable component, a first photoinitiator releasing an acid when irradiated with actinic radiation of a first wavelength λ.sub.1, and a second photoinitiator releasing an acid when irradiated with actinic radiation of a second wavelength λ.sub.2, wherein the second wavelength λ.sub.2 is shorter than the first wavelength λ.sub.1, and wherein the second photoinitiator, after irradiation of the composition with actinic radiation of the first wavelength λ.sub.1, shows an absorption of actinic radiation of the second wavelength λ.sub.2 in the composition that is sufficient to activate the second photoinitiator and fix the composition. Furthermore, a method is described for the joining, casting, molding, sealing and/or coating of substrates using the cationically curable composition.

The present invention is directed to a photo-curable adhesive or sealant composition comprising, based on the weight of the composition: from 1 to 10 wt. %, of a) at least one oxetane compound according to Formula (I) below:

##STR00001## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from H and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl; R.sup.4 is —(CH.sub.2).sub.mX; m is 0 or 1; X is C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 aryl, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 aryloxy, C.sub.7-C.sub.18 aralkyl, C.sub.7-C.sub.18 aralkoxy or is represented by the formula:

##STR00002## each R.sup.7 is independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkylene group, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene group, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 arylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.18 alkarylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.18 aralkylene or a poly(C.sub.1-C.sub.6alkyleneoxy) group; R.sup.8 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 aryl or C.sub.7-C.sub.18 aralkyl; and, n is an integer of from 1 to 3; from 5 to 20 wt. % of b) at least one epoxide compound, wherein part b) is characterized in that at least 50 wt. % of the total weight of epoxide compounds is constituted by b1) at one cycloaliphatic epoxide; from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of c) at least one ionic photoacid generator; from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of d) at least one free radical photoinitiator; and, from 50 to 90 wt. % of e) particulate filler.

An inkjet printing method and inkjet compositions are disclosed. The method includes selectively depositing by inkjet printing, layer by layer, a first composition and a second composition onto a receiving media from different dispensers to form polymerizable deposited layers. The first composition includes one or more free-radical polymerizable compounds and a cationic photoinitiator and is devoid of compounds able to undergo cationic photopolymerization within the first composition. The second composition includes one or more cationic polymerizable compounds and is devoid of cationic photoinitiators. At least one of the compositions includes a radical photoinitiator. The method further includes exposing the deposited layers to actinic radiation to initiate polymerization of the free-radical polymerizable compounds and the cationic polymerizable compounds within the deposited layers.