A method of increasing the strength of a carbonate rock is described. The carbonate rock may be located within a subterranean carbonate formation or may be located on a building exterior. The method involves contacting the carbonate rock with a composition comprising a zinc salt or a silicon alkoxide. This may increase the hardness of the carbonate rock by 10% or more.

An oxidized zinc pigment has been developed that can be used in a waterborne coating. The zinc metal allows for improved stability in waterborne systems while retaining the level of activity required for an anticorrosive material. This pigment is oxidized enough to prevent corrosion and still be dispersed in the waterborne coating, while still allowing for cathodic and anodic corrosion protection in the coating once applied to a metal surface. This zinc pigment may also be used in a waterborne ink or coating system and also for coated metal articles.

A resin coated inorganic or metallic pigment includes inorganic or metallic particles (A) and an acrylic copolymer (B) formed on the inorganic or metallic particles (A) by subjecting a radically polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid or radically polymerizable phosphate monomer (B1) and a monomer (B2) containing 3 to 6 (meth)acryloyloxy groups per molecule to radical polymerization reaction using a polymerization initiator (C) containing a nitrile group, wherein the inorganic or metallic particles (A) are coated with a coating resin including the acrylic copolymer (B), and the acrylic copolymer (B) has at a tail thereof a structure which is derived from the polymerization initiator (C) and which is represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 represents a methyl group, and R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or the like.

The disclosure relates to a composition containing a base material and metal effect pigments (1) contained in the base material, wherein the metal effect pigments (1) are provided with a three dimensional shape selected from the following group: cube, pyramid having triangular outer surfaces, and tetrahedron. Furthermore, metal effect pigments (1) and a method for producing metal effect pigments (1) are provided.

A method of increasing the strength of a carbonate rock is described. The carbonate rock may be located within a subterranean carbonate formation or may be located on a building exterior. The method involves contacting the carbonate rock with a composition comprising a zinc salt or a silicon alkoxide. This may increase the hardness of the carbonate rock by 10% or more.

The present invention provides a chromate-free coating composition having excellent corrosion resistance. The coating composition includes a binder system comprising a resin and a pigment system including a metal alloy pigment component and optionally, a carbonaceous component. Coated articles with the coating composition applied to at least a portion of a surface thereof are also provided.

A solid composite material combining: an inorganic pigment in the form of discrete particles each comprising a colored core and a coating adapted to allow light to pass through and a matrix based on metalloid or metal oxide, said matrix being adapted to allow light to pass through.

A resin-coated metal powder according to the present invention is obtained by covering at least a part of the surface of a metal powder with a hydrolyzable resin that has an average composition of general formula (1) and a number average molecular weight of from 500 to 100,000; and this resin-coated metal powder exhibits sufficient dispersibility in an aqueous solution, while being stable for a relatively long period of time even in the coexistence of water in an aqueous coating material.

##STR00001##

(In the formula, R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, said group optionally having a specific substituent such as a hydroxyalkyl group; each of R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently represents a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and a and b represent numbers that satisfy 0a<1, 0<b1 and (a+b)=1.)

A resin coated inorganic or metallic pigment includes inorganic or metallic particles (A) and an acrylic copolymer (B) formed on the inorganic or metallic particles (A) by subjecting a radically polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid or radically polymerizable phosphate monomer (B1) and a monomer (B2) containing 3 to 6 (meth)acryloyloxy groups per molecule to radical polymerization reaction using a polymerization initiator (C) containing a nitrile group, wherein the inorganic or metallic particles (A) are coated with a coating resin including the acrylic copolymer (B), and the acrylic copolymer (B) has at a tail thereof a structure which is derived from the polymerization initiator (C) and which is represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 represents a methyl group, and R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or the like.

The present invention relates to modified-metal -particles for corrosion-protection coatings 16 a method for their production and their use anti-corrosive coating compositions and methods for their use. The coating compositions include modified metal particles and a binding agent. The modified metal particles can include zino, aluminum, magnesium, bismuth, tin, nickel, or manganese as well as their mixtures and alloys thereof and have an inorganically-based surface modification in the form of a coating layer capable of imparting cathodic corrosion protection. Suitable surface modifications include a coating layer formed by an inorganic oxide including silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, and mixtures thereof.